- 學位論文
A Study on Influencing Factors to Anemia Status in Indonesian Women of Reproductive Age- Results from a National Health Survey
A Study on Influencing Factors to Anemia Status in Indonesian Women of Reproductive Age- Results from a National Health Survey
摘要
Background: Anemia is ignored in most developing countries even though it is one of the most prevalent public health problems and has serious consequences for national development. Almost a million deaths a year suffer from anemia, three-quarters of the deaths occur in Africa and South-East Asia. According the 2001 Health Household Survey, prevalence of anemia in Indonesian women of reproductive age was about 40 %. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia status and socio economic-demographics, anthropometrics, dietary Intakes, and diseases in Indonesian women of reproductive age. Design: This study is a secondary analysis using RISKESDAS data from Basic Health Research, Indonesia in 2007. This survey was used cross-sectional design. Two-staged, stratified, clustered probability sampling scheme was used to get the sample. A total of 6885 Indonesian women of reproductive age (15-45 years) were selected in this study. Due to a data access limitation, the current analysis used only the variables related to anemia including socio economic-demographics, anthropometrics, dietary intakes of Fe, Zn and Cu, and infectious disease. Results: The women who lived in Western region (OR: 1.24, 95%CI= 1.05-1.46) and Eastern region (OR: 1.21, 95%= 1.04-1.40) are more likely to risk from anemia compared with women who lived in Central region. The unemployed women (OR: 1.483, 95%CI= 1.001-2.198) are more likely to be anemic compared with household women. The women with obese BMI (OR: 0.725, 95%CI= 0.597-0.880) have lower risk of anemia than women with normal BMI. Compared to women with MUAC/Arm circumference ≥ 23.5 cm, women with MUAC/Arm circumference < 23.5 cm are more likely (OR: 1.262, 95%CI= 1.057-1.506) to be anemic. Dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, and Cu and Infectious Disease are not significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion: Anemia is related to Socio economic-demographics (age, region, and occupation) and anthropometrics (BMI and MUAC/Arm circumference). This study failed to find the significant relationships between anemia and dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, and Cu. This may because of the data were estimated from average food consumption of family but not from individual intakes.
並列摘要
Background: Anemia is ignored in most developing countries even though it is one of the most prevalent public health problems and has serious consequences for national development. Almost a million deaths a year suffer from anemia, three-quarters of the deaths occur in Africa and South-East Asia. According the 2001 Health Household Survey, prevalence of anemia in Indonesian women of reproductive age was about 40 %. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia status and socio economic-demographics, anthropometrics, dietary Intakes, and diseases in Indonesian women of reproductive age. Design: This study is a secondary analysis using RISKESDAS data from Basic Health Research, Indonesia in 2007. This survey was used cross-sectional design. Two-staged, stratified, clustered probability sampling scheme was used to get the sample. A total of 6885 Indonesian women of reproductive age (15-45 years) were selected in this study. Due to a data access limitation, the current analysis used only the variables related to anemia including socio economic-demographics, anthropometrics, dietary intakes of Fe, Zn and Cu, and infectious disease. Results: The women who lived in Western region (OR: 1.24, 95%CI= 1.05-1.46) and Eastern region (OR: 1.21, 95%= 1.04-1.40) are more likely to risk from anemia compared with women who lived in Central region. The unemployed women (OR: 1.483, 95%CI= 1.001-2.198) are more likely to be anemic compared with household women. The women with obese BMI (OR: 0.725, 95%CI= 0.597-0.880) have lower risk of anemia than women with normal BMI. Compared to women with MUAC/Arm circumference ≥ 23.5 cm, women with MUAC/Arm circumference < 23.5 cm are more likely (OR: 1.262, 95%CI= 1.057-1.506) to be anemic. Dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, and Cu and Infectious Disease are not significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion: Anemia is related to Socio economic-demographics (age, region, and occupation) and anthropometrics (BMI and MUAC/Arm circumference). This study failed to find the significant relationships between anemia and dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, and Cu. This may because of the data were estimated from average food consumption of family but not from individual intakes.