遊客對台中都會公園破壞行為認知之研究

A Study on the Perception of Visitors’Vandalism to Taichung Metropolitan Park

林煜堂(LIN YU-TANG)

指導教授 ： 羅鳳恩博士 ； 蘇文斌博士

亞洲大學/管理學院/休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

台中都會公園地處台中縣、市交界地，位於大肚山上居高臨下視野遼闊、交通便利、環境優雅，是民眾最好的戶外遊憩空間之一，但少數民眾為一己之便，造成對公園之破壞行為，無形中降低遊憩品質，本研究旨在探討遊客對台中都會公園破壞行為的認知、造成破壞行為的原因，提供主管單參考，以謀求預防與解決破壞行為的方法，並藉由遊客填寫問卷的機會，讓遊客省思自身是否有破壞行為。
本研究將專家學者所稱的「偏差行為」、「不當行為」、「破壞行為」概稱為「破壞行為」，於2009年1月21日至2009年2月20日間發出471份問卷，有效問卷446份，有效問卷57.59%，有效問卷經統計分析，其結果如下:
遊客的認知以「踐踏草皮」最嚴重；若以破壞行為模式而言，以「製造髒亂」最為嚴重；以遊客的觀點觀察破壞行為發生的原因，遊客首推公園「規劃不當」。
就行為模式分析：不同年齡層對「製造髒亂」、「缺公德心」、「危害安全」、「摘採花果」、「破壞景觀」的行為模式都達到顯著性差異；「性別」則與「缺公德心」有顯著性差異，其他行為模式未遂顯著性差異。可見年齡層的不同是破壞行為發生的重要關鍵。
由研究結果建議：
（一） 未來規劃公園時應充分瞭解遊客的需求。
（二） 管理單位應加強執法，對受破壞的軟、硬體設施，應儘速修復以杜絕「破窗效應」的發生。
（三） 強化教育功能，不論是家庭教育、學校教育或是社會教育。
總之，如何提供遊客優質的生態環境、休閒遊憩場所，是遊客一致的需求與期望，也是主管單位努力的目標。

關鍵字

台中都會公園 ； 破壞行為 ； 破窗效應

並列摘要

Taichung Metropolitan Park is located at the Dadu-Mountain that is the border between the Taichung city and Taichung County. It has a commanding view from a vantage ground, convenient communications and beautiful scenery .People can enjoy his leisure time in this place. Somebody who vandalized in the park for his convenient usually reduced the recreational quality. The study is mainly aimed at probing into the perception and the causes of the visitors’ vandalism to Taichung Metropolitan Park, and provides for the manage center to reference resources in order to prevent and solve the problems of the visitors’ vandalism. The visitors can correct their thoughts by means of the questionnaires.
Inappropriate behavior, deviance behavior and vandalistic behavior that the specialists and the scholars mentioned in this study are generally called as vandalism behavior. The 471 questionnaires were sent out from January 21st,2009. to February 20,2009. The 446 questionnaires were effective (97.59%) The results of the statistical analyses are as follows: Trampling on sward is the most serious problem in the visitors’ perception. Making rubbish is the most serious problem through the visitors’ vandalism model .Designing the park inappropriately is the main cause of the vandalism in terms of the visitors’ views.
According to the analyses of the behavior model：In different ages, their behavior model has obvious diversity about making rubbish, being scanty of morality, endangering safety, plucking flowers and fruits and destroying landscape. Gender and scanty morality are also conspicuous difference. Other questions do not have relation. Therefore different ages are the key that the vandalism occurs.
Suggestions from the results of the study：
1. Before designing the park, the designer must realize what travelers
need.
2. Administrative office should strengthen the enforcement of law and
quickly repair the software and hardware equipments which were damaged to preclude the occurrence of the broke windows.
3. Reinforcing the educational functions, regardless of home education, school education and social education.
In brief, how to provide the tourist with the high quality about the ecological environment and the leisure place is what the tourists need and expect and what the administrative office aim at too.

並列關鍵字

Taichung Metropolitan Park ； vandalism ； broke windows

參考文獻

董旭英、王文玲（2007）。國高中生依附父母、接觸偏差同儕、傳統價值觀念與偏差行為的關聯性之差異性研究。犯罪學期刊，10（2），33-56。

吳忠宏、黃宗成、邱廷亮（2004）。玉山國家公園遊客旅遊動機、期望、體驗、滿意度與重遊意願之研究。國家公園學報，14（2），23-41。

黃德祥（1996）。青少年的偏差行為與防治。青少年發展與輔導。台北：五南。

馬惠達、陳思倫、劉瓊如（2003）。龜山島生態旅遊遊憩承載量之研究。觀光研究學報，9（2）123-139。

李思屏、林晏州 （2001）。遊客對生態旅遊之環境態度與行為關係之研究—以關渡自然公園為例 。戶外遊憩研究，14（3）15-36。