女兒教導母親進行乳房自我檢查的試驗性研究

Effect of a Breast Self-Examination Education Program: Daughters as Educators for Their Mothers

陳美婷(Mei-Ting Chen)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康產業管理學系健康管理組/碩士(2010年)

摘要

乳癌嚴重威脅女性的健康。早期發現早期治療對乳癌防治很重要。本研究目的在評估一個針對女兒教導母親有關乳房自我檢查課程活動之成效。以彰化某高級職業學校女生為研究對象，取樣兩班二年級科別相近，同質性較高班級，一班為實驗組，一班為對照組。實驗組學生接受研究者乳房自我檢查課程，對照組不接受課程，只提供衛教單張自行閱讀。課程教育介入後，實驗組女兒依研究者乳房自我檢查課程單元內容回家教導母親，對照組女兒則不做任何加強措施。女兒教導母親課程內容包括解釋乳癌之高危險因子與乳癌症狀、台灣婦女罹患乳癌現況、乳房保健與防治、說明乳房自我檢查的方法與實際操作乳房自我檢查等五大單元。資料收集為一份自填式問卷，請女兒帶回家給母親填答，衛教活動結束後以電話訪問實驗組母親，瞭解女兒對母親衛教之狀況。收集的資料以描述性統計、t檢定、卡方檢定、McNeMar’s檢定及二因子重複量數變異數等方式進行分析。結果歸納如下: (1) 實驗組母親的乳房自我檢查知識、自我效能顯著高於對照組者。兩組在自覺嚴重性、自覺罹患性、自覺利益性及檢查動機等方面無顯著差異。(2) 實驗組的自覺障礙性認知在衛教後顯著下降。(3) 實驗組乳房自我檢查行為在衛教後顯著高於對照組者。透過女兒教導母親進行乳房自我檢查衛生教育課程，對母親的知識、健康信念及乳房自我檢查行為能有正面影響。
關鍵詞: 乳房自我檢查、衛生教育、健康信念

關鍵字

乳房自我檢查 ； 衛生教育 ； 健康信念

並列摘要

Breast cancer is an important health problem for females. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer plays a vital role in decreasing the mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an educational program - daughters teaching their mothers about breast self-examination (BSE). The study sample included two teaching classes of female students from a senior high school in Chang-Hwa, Taiwan. The students were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Students in one of the two classes were assigned to the experimental group which received the educational program. Students in the other class were assigned to the control group which was not received the program, however, a BSE related educational sheet was given and they were asked to give it to their mothers. The contents of training program included risk factors, manifestations, and prevalence of breast cancer in Taiwan, early detection methods of breast cancer and information of BSE. The effect of the program was assessed by using a questionnaire survey from the mothers and reconfirmed by using telephone interview by researcher. The data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 software. The results showed that: (1) the experimental group had better knowledge of BSE and self confidence than the control group, but no significant difference in perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, benefit of BSE and health motivation; (2) the experimental group had less cognition in perceived barriers than that of the control group; (3) the BSE were practiced more frequently in the experimental group than the control. The data suggested that the daughters’ teaching of BSE to their mothers may be beneficial in increasing mother’s knowledge in breast cancer, health beliefs, and the practice of BSE.
Key words: breast self-examination, health education, health belief

並列關鍵字

breast self-examination ； health education ； health belief

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