台灣地區成人吸菸行為探討

The study of smoking behaviors among adults in Taiwan

黃界銘(Huang Chieh Ming)

指導教授 ： 何清松

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

背景與動機：本研究鑒於個人使用菸品對健康、社會經濟、環境有如此大的影響，且成人吸菸率雖有趨降的形勢但戒菸率仍舊偏低，而國內目前針對吸菸行為的相關研究、文獻大多以青少年為主，因此為實際了解近年來國內成人吸菸行為狀況及差異，研究者欲透過行政院衛生署國民健康局95年度成人吸菸行為調查資料庫進行相關研究分析探討。
研究目的：瞭解95年度成人吸菸行為之狀況、瞭解社會人口學影響成人吸菸行為相關之因素、瞭解二手菸接觸頻率影響吸菸行為相關之因素。
結果：研究發現社會人口學因素為影響成人吸菸行為最主要的因素，成人的吸菸行為與二手菸接觸的頻率有顯著關聯性，且二手菸所造成的危害並不亞於主動吸菸者，所以菸害的預防除了在初次使用菸品前就進行防制之外，改變吸菸的行為也是極為需要進行的菸害防制工作。
結論：成人吸菸盛行率為男性48.5%、女性4.6%，性別確實為吸菸行為影響因素之一，成人吸菸行為並沒有呈現因學歷越高吸菸率越低，反倒顯示出吸菸率以小學至高中高職學歷的形式成長，但大專學歷的吸菸率反而降低，顯示菸害的教育需從小學開始預防收入狀況以中低收入者其吸菸率最高，顯示出收入越高吸菸率越低的情況，二手菸的接觸頻率對吸菸行為是有關聯性的，研究顯示無論是在家中或是職場上，暴露於二手菸的環境越久其對吸菸行為的影響也愈大，另外也顯示出家中以及職場上相關的禁菸規定有設置的必要性。

關鍵字

吸菸行為 ； 二手菸 ； 菸害防制 ； 菸品的危害

並列摘要

Background and Motivation:
As we known, the usage of tobacco products brings great impact to personal health, society, economics, and environment, but the smoking cessation is still low even the adult smoking rate has the declining tendency. Most studies currently dedicated in the smoking behavior which mostly focused on the youth group. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to realize the adult smoking behavior and the difference in recent years. We conducted the database of the adult smoking behavior survey from the Department of Health Bureau of Health Promotion in 2006 for analyses.
Purpose: The study is to realize the situation of the adult smoking behavior in 2006 and to explore the relationship between the smoking behavior and relative social and demographic factors such as the second-hand smoke exposure frequency.
Results: The study found that the major factor was the social and demographic factors. The correlation between the smoking behavior and the frequencies of the second –hand smoke exposure was significant and the harm caused by secondhand smoke was as much as active smokers. Therefore, the prevention for Tobacco Control not only applies the efforts in the initial smoking tobacco products, but also employ necessarily at the changing the behavior of smoking.
Conclusion: The prevalence rates in male and female were 48.5% and 4.6% respectively. Indeed, gender is the factor related to the smoking behavior. The adult smoking behavior does not decrease with the education level while the education levels in the elementary to the senior high school have the higher rate. The prevention education should start from the elementary school. In addition, the smoking rate also declines with the income level while the low-income group has the higher rate. Furthermore, we found that the higher frequencies of the second –hand smoke exposure inflicts the smoking behavior more no matter the place at home or in the office. The ban smoking law should consider enforcing widely at home from this study findings.

並列關鍵字

smoking behavior ； second-hand smoking ； tobacco control ； tobacco hazards

參考文獻

潘怜燕、李蘭（1999）。台灣地區成年人吸菸盛行率及其與教育和職

行政院衛生署國民健康局(2009，10-15)。菸害防制資訊網，菸的危害。

行政院衛生署國民健康局(2010，03-01)。菸品成份資料網，社會的影

行政院衛生署國民健康局(2010，03-01)。菸品成份資料網，菸品化學

行政院衛生署國民健康局：台灣菸害防制年報。行政院衛生署國民健