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  • 學位論文

中老年人健康狀況與工作狀態對生活滿意度之影響

The Effects of Health Status and Work State on Life Satisfaction among the Middle-aged Elderly Adults

指導教授 : 張明正
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摘要


由於科技進步與醫學發達,老年人在社會族群比例中不斷上升。內政統計通報資料顯示,我國自1993年邁入高齡化社會以來,65歲以上老人所占比例持續攀升,老人在經濟、醫療、居家生活、教育、休閒、娛樂、安養、心理及社會等方面若無法適應,將帶給家庭及社會極大的衝擊。因此老人議題的確相當值得我們關心。生活滿意度向來被視為生活品質的一項重要指標,也是成功老化過程中的重要因素,為了協助中老年人能成功地適應老化,瞭解影響中老年人生活滿意度之相關因素,實乃是協助中老年人適應未來老年生活所必要的。本研究採量化研究方法,擷取國民健康局2003年「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」資料進行分析。研究變項包括「健康狀況」、「工作狀態」、「生活滿意度」等變項,再透過SPSS for Windows 12.0統計分析,以瞭解中老年人之健康狀況、工作狀態與其生活滿意度關係,並探討中老年人健康狀況跟工作狀態是否影響其生活滿意度。根據資料分析本研究所得結論如下: 一、中老年人口整體生活滿意度良好,平均得分8.22分。以滿意程度等級而言,低滿意度(0-4分)只有14.2%。以研究數據結果來看中老年人對目前生活狀況滿意度屬於中等偏高。 二、有配偶、教育程度高、居住於省轄市者,生活滿意度較高。 三、自評健康良好、未罹患慢性病、有工作且是全職者生活滿意度較高。 四、「婚姻狀態」、「教育程度」、「居住地區」、「自評健康」、「慢性病數」以及「工作狀態」等變項對老人生活滿意度具有預測力,其中以「自評健康」預測力最高,對於生活滿意度的影響最大。 五、「自評健康」對生活滿意度的影響會比「慢性病數」來得高,相較於實際罹病狀況來說,中老年人對健康主觀感受會有密切的影響,自認為自己很健康者往往生活滿意度較高。 六、有工作或擔任義工之中老人生活滿意度較好,無工作且正在找工作之中老年人生活滿意度較差,中老人生活有重心又沒有必須工作的壓力情況下,生活滿意度也會較良好。

並列摘要


Due to the improvement of technology & medical service, the ratio of elderly citizen has raised recently. Base on the data from Ministry of the Interior , Taiwan has become advanced age society since 1993, the ratio of 65 aged elderly has been increasing. If the elderly citizen has any issue of economic, medical service, residential life, education, leisure, entertainment, metal and society , there will be a huge impact to families & society. Enhance elderly citizen is an important issue to discuss. Satisfaction is an important index and factor. Therefore , to understand the key factors of satisfaction is necessary , also can help elderly citizen to adapt the ageing process. This research adapts quantitative method , analyze the latest data “The long-term trace of social living status from Taiwan elderly citizen”, published by Bureau of health promotion. Base on data samples , use SPSS for Windows 12.0 to analyze the correlations between “Health”, ”Working status”, and “Satisfaction of life”. Base on the analysis of samples , this research provides the conclusions as below : 1.Total satisfaction of life from elderly citizen is quite well , the average points is 8.22. Only 14.2 % has low life satisfaction (0-4 points). 2.Elderly citizen who are older than 65 years old with high education level and live in Provincial municipalities have higher satisfaction of life. 3.Elderly citizen with better self-evaluated health status, full-time work and do not have chronic diseases have higher satisfaction of life. 4.Elements of ”Marriage status”, “Education”, “Residence”, “Self-evaluated Health status”, “Chronic diseases”, “Work status” have predictions of satisfaction degrees. Especially “Self-evaluated health status” has the most influence on it. 5.“Self-evaluated health status” has bigger impact than “Chronic diseases”. Compare to the real health status , elderly who evaluate themselves as better health status has higher satisfaction of life. 6.Elderly who have normal or voluntary jobs have higher satisfaction of life. On the contrary , elderly without or are looking for jobs have the worst satisfactions. Elderly with life center and do not need to work have higher satisfaction of life.

參考文獻


行政院衛生署國民健康局(2006)。民國九十二年台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤(第五次)調查成果報告,台中:行政院衛生署國民健康局。
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