台灣地區中老年人運動及其相關因素

Correlates of Exercise among Middle-Aged and Elderly in Taiwan

李麗雪(Li-hsueh Lee)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

內政部統計處在2009年老人狀況調查結果發現，老人有75.9%有慢性或重大疾病。慢性病原因與坐式生活型態有關，所以運動對健康的維持非常重要。根據台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查報告，台灣地區50 歲以上中老年人有37.2%平常沒有在運動，因此本研究目的探討台灣地區中老年人運動情形及其相關因素。研究資料來自國民健康局2007年「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」資料，調查對象共有4534人，選取4112人可自答問卷者為研究對象。研究結果，有規律運動人口占54.8%。與運動相關之變項為年齡、教育程度、居住地區、是否獨居、自覺健康狀況、身體疼痛程度、身體行動是否方便、嚼檳榔、抽菸、服用綜合維他命或礦物質、運動自我效能、社會支持、經濟狀況滿意度與目前工作狀況等變項。與運動無相關之變項為性別、婚姻狀況、喝酒、疾病狀況與家庭因素等變項。年齡、居住地區、是否獨居、目前工作狀況、身體行動是否方便、運動自我效能是預測中老年人運動的因子。建議發展老年人運動方案，必須考慮城鄉差異、老人健康狀況、強化老人自我效能，提高老人運動的比例。

關鍵字

中老年人 ； 運動

並列摘要

According to the Minstry of Interior Department of Statistics survey report of elderly life situation in 2009, 75.9% of elderly were suffered from chronic or serious diseases. The causes of chronic disease are related to sedentary lifestyle, so exercise is important to maintain health. According to the 2007 survey report of the Elderly in Taiwan, the percentage of irregular exercise was 37.2% in middle-aged and elderly (>50 years old) in Taiwan. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing exercise among middle-aged and elderly in Taiwan. This data was from 2007 Survey of the Elderly in Taiwan of Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health. The total number of this study was 4112 participants. A structured self-answered questionnaire was used for data collection. The results indicated that the percentage of regular exerciser was 54.8%. In the Chi-square data analysis, age, level of education, living region, whether living alone, self-rated health, body pain level, physical actions to facilitate, eating betel nut, smoking, taking multivitamin and minerals, exercise self-efficacy, social support, satisfaction economy, and currently employment status were associated with regular exercise. Gender, marital status, drinking, illness situation, and household factor were not associated with regular exercise. The predictive factors of middle-aged and elderly exercise were age, living region, whether living alone, currently employment status, physical actions to facilitate, and exercise self-efficacy. The findings suggest that urban-rural differences, elderly health situation, and strengthen elderly self-efficacy should be considered in the development of elderly exercise program to increase the elderly exercise proportion.

並列關鍵字

exercise ； middle-aged and elderly

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