本研究旨在分析台灣民眾在社會排除的各面向上,受排除的程度,並比較不同人口特性,在各排除面向受排除情況之差異。以台中市霧峰區為研究場域,18歲以上之戶籍人口為母體,進行簡單隨機抽樣,並派遣訪員以面訪方式進行問卷訪談。本研究用以分析之社會排除面向包括所得貧窮、生活水準剝奪、勞動市場排除、社會活動排除、社會網絡排除、社會支持排除、地區服務排除、健康排除、房屋居住排除、及公民參與排除。經分析後發現約有六成民眾受一項以上之排除、25%受兩項以上之排除、13%受三項以上之排除。研究並發現貧窮、健康及教育水準與民眾是否遭受排除最為相關。同時勞動市場的參與,並不能明顯降低貧窮、社會活動、社會網絡、社會支持、房屋居住、及公民參與的排除,因之直接確保所得或經濟資源,似乎比協助進入勞動市場來得有效。
This study aims to examine the extent of social exclusion in Taiwan in general and in specific dimensions, and to analyze the data according to respondents’ socio-economic characteristics. A random sample of population 18 years of age and above was drawn in Wufeng District, Taichung City. The respondents were interviewed with a questionnaire by well-trained interviewers. The dimensions of social exclusion analyzed include income poverty, material deprivation, employment, common social activities, social network, social support, local services, housing, and political/civil participation. It has been found that 60 per cent of the respondents are excluded in at least one dimension, 25 per cent in two or more, and 13 per cent in three or more dimensions. Income poverty/material deprivation, health and education are three foremost risk factors of social exclusion. Meanwhile, employment cannot guarantee a reduction in poverty, or in exclusion of common social activities, social network, social support, housing, or political/civil participation. Income support is, in fact, more effective than employment in redressing social exclusion.