特質目標取向、知覺動機氣候和能力知覺對內在動機和滿足感之預測研究

The Prediction of Dispositional Goal Orientation, Perceived Motivational Climate, and Perceived Ability on Intrinsic Motivation and Satisfaction

李烱煌(Chiung-Huang Li)

《大專體育學刊》 5卷2期 (2003/12) Pp. 143-157

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200312_5(2).0012

摘要

本研究的主要目的在於探討特質目標取向、知覺動機氣候和能力知覺對內在動機和滿足成的預測情形。研究對象為271名來自國內17所中學手球校隊選手（男選手＝152名；女選手=119名），平均年齡為15.31歲，皆白願完成填寫一組測量特質目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力、內在動機和滿足威等問卷。經由多元逐步迴歸分析，結果顯示男女選手的知覺工作取向氣候皆能有效預測享受／樂趣、努力／重要和滿足威，並且其特質工作取向也能預測努力／重要。然而，性別差異出現於知覺自我取向氣候、特質自我取向和能力知覺對效標變項的預測；亦即女性選手的知覺自我取向氣候均未能預測任何的效標變項，但男性選手的知覺自我取向氣候卻能預測樂趣和壓力；儘管特質工作取向能夠預測男女選手的努力投入，但它還能進一步地預測男性選手的樂趣和壓力；男性選手的能力知覺只能預測壓力，而女性選手的能力知覺除了能預測壓力外，還能預測樂趣和滿足成。根據研究結果，本研究認為增強選手的內在興趣、滿足感和努力投入，教練必須致力於提升工作取向之動機氣氣，並且鼓勵選手發展其特質工作取向。此外，對於男性選手而官，教練應儘量別去強調或塑造自我取向氣候，但對於女性選手則須特別加強她們的能力知覺。

關鍵字

特質目標取向 ； 知覺動機氣候 ； 能力知覺 ； 內在動機 ； 滿足感

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the prediction of dispositional goal orientations, perceptions of motivational climate, and perceived ability on intrinsic motivation and satisfaction. Two hundred and seventy-one handball players (malel=52; femalel=19) from 17 varsity high school teams participated in the study. The mean age of the athletes was 15.31 years old. All the subjects were asked to complete a series of paper-and-pencil questionnaires measuring dispositional goal orientation, perceived motivational climate, perceived ability, satisfaction, and intrinsic motivation. Results of a multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that, for both males and females; perception of task-orientation climate (PTOC) predicts enjoyment/interest, effort/importance, and satisfaction; and dispositional task-orientation (DTO) predicts effort/importance. However, gender differences showed interesting results. While female perception of ego-orientation climate (PEOC) does not predict anything, male PEOC predicts both enjoyment and pressure. Furthermore, although DTO predicts effort exerted for both males and females, it also predicts enjoyment and pressure for males. Finally, while male perceived ability (PA) predicts pressure only, female PA predicts pressure, enjoyment and satisfaction. It is suggested that, on the one hand, to reinforce intrinsic interest, satisfaction, and effort exerted, the coach should first promote a task-oriented motivational atmosphere, and encourage players to develop dispositional task orientation with all effort. On the other hand, coaches should de-emphasize ego-orientation climate to males, but enhance the perceived ability of females.

並列關鍵字

dispositional goal orientation ； perceived motivational climate ； perception of ability ； intrinsic motivation ； satisfaction

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