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口腔黏膜的惡性黑色素瘤-病例報告

Malignant Melanoma of Oral Mucosa-Report of a Case

摘要


惡性黑色素瘤是一種以黑色素細胞異常增生並侵犯其它組織為表徵的癌樣病症。在美國,惡性黑色素瘤的發生率約為5:100,000。而發生在口腔中的惡性黑色素瘤則較為少見。根據文獻,口腔中的惡性黑色素瘤,較常發生在上顎牙齦。患者年齡主要在中年以後,無明顯性別差異。治療上則以手術切除為主要方法,而放射治療及化學藥物治療為輔助療法,但癒後則普遍不好。本例為一62歲女性,在右上顎發現了一個深色斑塊,於86年3月求診,經切片後,病理診斷報告為一良性痣,由於臨床上仍高度懷疑其為黑色素瘤,因此安排患者於同月入院,接受第二次切片,並證實為黑色素瘤。同年11月,進行頸部淋巴廓清術及腫瘤大範圍切除,術後合併放射治療。追蹤期間在患者的皮膚及肺部皆發現有腫瘤轉移。患者於88年2月死亡。由於國內的文獻有關此疾病的報告較少,是以提出本病例並對此疾病作一綜合討論。

並列摘要


Malignant melanoma is an aggressive and invasive tumor deriving from melanocyte. The involvement of oral mucous membrane is rare; both the palate and the maxillary gingiva are the sites of predilection intraorally. Extensive surgical excision has been the primary treatment modality with radiation and chemotherapy as adjuncts but the prognosis is poor. In this case report, we presented a 62-years-old female with a pigmented tumor over right palate. She came to our OPD for help on March 1997. Incisional biopsy was reported to be nevus initially. However, malignant melanoma was proved after rebiopsy. The patient received wide excision, radical neck dissection and post-operative radiotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient died of lung and skin metastasis on February 1999.

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