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  • 期刊

《亞細亞的孤兒》:翻譯、重譯與翻譯文本外部的聲音

Orphan of Asia: Translation, Retranlation and Voices Outside the Translated Texts

摘要


吳濁流的《亞細亞的孤兒》在臺灣文學史上具有重要意義,然而一直以來學者討論的焦點在於《亞細亞的孤兒》的文學上的意義與價值,關於翻譯與原文、首譯與重譯的論述,雖散見於期刊論文或雜誌文章中,但缺乏翻譯研究視角的系統性歸納、理論性探討。《亞細亞的孤兒》是吳濁流以日文寫成,如今一般所閱讀到的中文版為譯本,主要有楊召憩(1959)、傅恩榮(1962)及黃玉燕(2005)等三個中譯版本。《亞細亞的孤兒》的一個值得注意的現象是,1966年後出版的版本開始,僅標示作者吳濁流,很少提及譯者姓名。2005年黃玉燕重譯本出版,除了提醒我們中文版《亞細亞的孤兒》的譯本身分之外,重譯文本之外的許多評論聲音的出現,更讓我們重新思考所有翻譯版本的存在與意義。除了檢視圍繞原文與譯本的副文本(paratexts),如封面標題、封底文案、譯者序、譯文註解、編者序以及書本上的其他相關符號、記錄等;另外,也將分析探討臺灣《亞細亞的孤兒》的諸多研究論文以及一般報章雜誌的相關報導或意見言論,探討這些論述所探討的主體究竟是原作者的寫作文本,抑或是經他人之手的翻譯文本,其背後所反映出的「不被視為翻譯的翻譯」之現象是臺灣當時的翻譯規範,也是社會集體意識的展現。

並列摘要


Wu Chuo-liu (1900-1976) has been called a pioneer of Taiwanese literature. The impact and importance that his Orphan of Asia has had on the literary history of Taiwan is evident. There has been some discussion scattered throughout different journals and magazines covering the original and the translations, and the initial and subsequent translations, but there has been no theoretical investigation or inductive approach to the subject from the perspective of translation studies. Orphan of Asia was originally written in Japanese, but most contemporary readers only have access to the work through Chinese translation, of which there are three major editions: Yang Shao-ch'ih (1959), Fu En-jung (1962), and Huang Yu-yen (2005). Something interesting happened to translations published after 1966 -the names of the translators no longer appeared alongside Wu Chuo-liu's. When Huang's translation appeared in 2005, it served as a reminder that the Chinese version of Orphan of Asia is indeed a translation. The reviews that followed the 2005 edition also provide us with a new opportunity to reconsider the existence and meanings of the translations. This paper investigates the paratexts surrounding the original and the translations, such as the text on the front and back covers, the translator's preface and translation notes, the editor's preface, and the other symbols and notes inside the books, which help in exploring the motives behind translation and retranslation as well as the translator's subjectivity. This paper also analyzes the academic research produced in Taiwan on the subject of Orphan of Asia, as well as articles, reports, and op-eds from magazines and newspapers to examine how translations and retranslations transform and adapt when entering the target culture in Taiwan. This paper also discusses the paradox of a translation not considered a translation, and how this reflects the translation norms and social atmosphere, as well as the ideology and collective consciousness of the Taiwanese people at particular times. Exploring these voices outside the original text and translations helps us investigate how these voices reflect transformations in the collective consciousness of the Taiwanese.

參考文獻


子敬(1969)。由「亞細亞的孤兒」談吳濁流的精神。臺灣文藝,23,78-79。
王鈺婷(2005)。歷史孤兒的糾結纏繞:閱讀《亞細亞的孤兒》。臺灣文學館通訊,8,52-53。
吳盈靜(2001)。苦楝花下的曙光──論吳濁流《亞細亞的孤兒》中的土地認同。臺灣歷史學會會訊,12,13-20。
吳濁流著(1966)。吳濁流選集小說。臺北:廣鴻文出版社。
吳濁流著,傅恩榮譯(1962)。亞細亞的孤兒。臺北:南華出版社。

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