莊子養生觀初探

Preliminary Understanding Health Care Concept of Chuang Tzu

呂文智(W. J. Lu)

《中醫藥研究論叢》 10卷2期 (2007/09) Pp. 55-64

https://doi.org/10.6516/TJTCM.200709_10(2).0006

摘要

莊子是戰國中期的思想家，承衍老子而開拓道家的思想境界，司馬遷云：「其學無所不闚，然其要歸本於老子之言。」老子的道，多可見其形而上的玄妙高絕，而莊子則將道隱入於活活潑潑的生命之流中，藉由修養與工夫，達到至人、眞人的境界。因爲道在萬物之中，由萬物的自然天性亦可以見道的體用。然而人們常常奔逐於外物，導致適得其反，往往傷害了自身的天性而不自知，故而莊子有〈養生主〉一篇，以爲人們養生之要。然而養生觀的形成，實植基於莊子對於生命內涵的預設，因此，本文由莊子對生命的領悟入手，探討其對生命（形神）的認識，進而分析其養生的幾個主要觀點。《莊子》一書，論及生命（形神）與養生觀點者，遍及內外篇，限於學力不足，僅能擇要分別論之如下。

關鍵字

莊子 ； 養生觀

並列摘要

Chuang Tzu was a thinker at the middle period of Chan Kuo. He succeeded the Taoist thought of Lao Tzu. Szuma Chien said: ”the learning is wide and deep, and it will belong to the words of Lao Tzu”. The Tao of Lao Tzu is mysterious and high. Chuang Tzu hided Tao in the lively life, so as to reach the realm of true people. Because Tao is exists in everything, and the application of Tao can be experienced in natural property of all things. But people often chase the outside stuff and injure one's own natural instinct without knowing it. So Chuang Tzu has a ”chapter of health care”, which describes the guideline for the health care of people. However, the formation of health care concept is derived from the instinct of life by Chuang Tzu. So, this paper discusses the understanding of life (shape and spirit) through the comprehension of life by Chuang Tzu, and then analyzes several main aspects of keeping in good health. The book of ”Chuang Tzu”, touches upon the life (shape and spirit) and person who keeps in good health, spread all over the internal and external page, and the theory is described as follows.

並列關鍵字

Chuang Tzu ； health care ； Chinese Medicine