以公會組識模式有效管理小型石綿水泥浪板工廠中之石綿污染問題

石綿為一危害性大的物質，如過度暴露可能會造成石綿肺、肺癌、胸膜間皮瘤及腹膜間皮瘤：因此各先進國家均將石綿防治列為重要課題。然而，臺灣地區的石綿水泥瓦工廠多屬小型工廠，故在防治經費不足、專業人員缺乏及改善技術欠佳之情況下，石綿污染防治之成效，亦始終不彰。鑑此，筆者乃參採日本京都工場保健會及韓國類似保健組合之精神，敦促該業公會成立環境污染委員會，俾能發揮整合的力量，並同時結合學術研究單位及政府行政主管單位的力量，共同合作，以達到改善作業環境，降低石綿污染之目的。民國七十七年六月，石綿水泥瓦業者乃達成共識，成立「臺灣區水泥製品工業同業公會石綿瓦小組環境污染委員會」。在為數二十三家石綿水泥瓦工廠中共有十八家參加。本委員會的經費係由各會員工廠共同分攤，統籌運用。本委員會將工業安全衛生專業技術方面委託予學術單位，由學術單位代為訓練專業人員，並組織工業安全衛生工作小組，輪流至各工廠進行環境測定、作業場所評估及作業改善輔導等事項。本委員會另一方面亦與有關主管機關保持密切聯繫，接受輔導。此外，本委員會亦經常邀請外國專家來台，指導改善，或舉辦研討會，或組團赴國外考察、觀摩。簡言之，在本管理模式下，利用公會之整合力量，同時藉重學術研究單位的專業知識及技術，並接受行政主管機關的輔導，確可達到改善作業環境、有效降低石綿污染之目的。因此種以公會組織之管理模式可在經費不足、專業人力缺乏，及改善技術不佳等困難下，達到改善作業環境的目的，故欲落實其他小型工廠之工業安全衛生工作，本報告中所述之公會組織管理模式，應可供參採之用。

關鍵字

公會組織；有效管理；小型工廠；石綿污染

並列摘要

Considerable world-wide attention has been directed to the control of asbestos in the workplace. Although the various practical options for controlling of asbestos in large plants are well established, there are many contraints in regard go the finance resources, trained personnel, legislative coverage and overall strategy for control in small factories (eg. asbestos cement (A/C) sheet factory in this country). This paper describes an organization pattern to overcome the abovementioned problem. It is based on the cooperative principle under which 18 out of the 23 A/C sheet factories pool their finance resources to form a system of group industrial hygiene services. Independently, small establishments can not afford to have any health services at all, but by sharing costs, They can have the benefit of the services. The services consist of an industrial hygiene group staffed by two industrial hygienists, one industrial hygiene technician, and one secretary from the Chinese A/C sheet Factory Association. The services are delivered to the factories throung mobile unit activities. The mobile unit makes regular circuit to member factories at least twice a year, depending on the number of employees. Among the industrial hygiene services, the organization offers work-site as well as environmental monitoring, evaluation and control of asbestos is one of the most essential activities. The intensive monitoring, evaluation and control of work environments in the A/C sheet factories is well reflected by the remarkable reduction in airborne asbestos concentration among the membership factories. The group, which is organized under the form of a juridical person, is storongly supported by the government and closely connected with research institution.

並列關鍵字

Union organization ； effective control ； small factory ； asbestos pollution

國際替代計量

以公會組識模式有效管理小型石綿水泥浪板工廠中之石綿污染問題

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