某廢鉛蓄電池回收工廠附近土壤與空氣鉛污染之流佈

Distribution of Lead Pollution in Soil and Air around a Storage Battery Recycling Plant

韓柏檉(Bor-Cheng Han) ； 陳叡瑜(Ruey-Yu Chen) ； 邱弘毅(Hung-I Chin) ； 葉錦瑩(Ching-Ying Yeh) ； 許東榮(Tong-Jong Hsu)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 13卷2期 (1994/04) Pp. 126-137

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1994-13-02-03

摘要

本文之目的乃在調查研究廢鉛蓄電池回收工廠附近環境之土壤與空氣鉛污染之現況及其濃度之分佈。由環境的數據顯示回收工廠附近之表層土壤鉛之平均含量高於1000μg/g，而遠離該工廠2公里左右的較深層土壤(15~30cm)鉛含量下降至小於100μg/g。一般而言，土壤中的鉛含量與該工廠距離之遠近有著極明顯的負相關。另一方面，利用不同之試劑與連續步驟萃取土壤中不同物種的鉛，結果顯示，土壤中的鉛較易以可交換相與碳酸鹽相存在，這可說明源自陸源的鉛回收廠之鉛污染是佔優勢的。該工廠附近環境空氣的鉛平均濃度為2.58±4.17μg/立方公尺，（介於0.04~18.2μg/立方公尺），比背景測站之空氣鉛濃度(0.12±0.13μg/立方公尺)為高。同時，空氣中高濃度的鉛(5.18±6.53μg/立方公尺)被發現於晚間採樣的樣本中。

關鍵字

鉛污染 ； 物種鑑定 ； 電池回收工廠

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of lead contamination in the environment (such as soil and air) near a storage battery recycling plant. All samples were collected in various seasons during the period from Oct. 1990 to June 1991, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (flame or graphite). The environmental data showed that the average value of lead in surface soil near plant ”X” was ＞1000μg/g and decreased to less than 100μg/g in 15-30 cm deep soil about 2 Km away from the plant. In general, the concentrations of lead in soil were strongly and negative by correlated with the distance from plant ”X”. On the other hand, lead speciation in soil was extracted by sequential procedures using several reagents. The results reveal that lead is preferentially accumulated in the exchangeable and carbonate fractions. This suggests that the lead pollution is dominated synchthonously by the storage battery recycling plant. The average concentrations of lead of 2.58±4.17μg/m^3 (from 0.04 to 18.2μg/m^3) in the air near plant ”X” were higher than those at the background stations, the mean value of which is 0.12±0.13μg/m^3. In addition, the high contents of lead (5.18±6.53μg/m^3) in air were found at midnight during a 24 hour period.

並列關鍵字

lead pollution ； speciation ； storage battery recycling plant