台灣地區毒蛇咬傷概況(1988-1991)

Venomous Snake Bites in Taiwan (1988-1991)

繆柏齡(Bor-Lin Miao) ； 黃瑞禎(Ruey-Jen Huang) ； 胡門興(Men-Shing Hu) ； 廖明一(Ming-Yi Liau)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 14卷6期 (1995/12) Pp. 455-460

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1995-14-06-01

摘要

台灣地處亞熱帶，常有民眾被毒蛇咬傷，被毒蛇咬傷復，如能知道被何種毒蛇咬傷，對醫師之治療工作有很大助益，因此進行本研究。本研究回收189例有效樣本其中被龜殼花、赤尾鮐咬傷者最多，分別佔45%及37%。被毒蛇咬傷的季節以夏秋兩季為多，惟龜殼花及赤尾鮐兩種毒蛇咬傷的案例全年均有發生。被龜殼花咬傷的時問多發生在夜問，被赤尾鮐咬傷的時問則多發生在白天。咬傷場所，龜殼花常發生在住屋周圍，赤尾鮐則在野外較常發生。咬傷的部位，龜殼花以胸部較多、赤尾鮐以手部較多。分析傷者被咬傷後送醫時間，88%的傷者，約能在被咬傷後4小時內送達醫院治療。

關鍵字

毒蛇咬傷 ； 台灣

並列摘要

There are six well-known venomous snakes in Taiwan, Three species induce hemorrhagic symptoms (Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus, TM; Trimeresurus stejnegeri, TS; and Deinagkistrodon acutus, DA); two species induce neurotoxic symptoms (Naja naja atra, NA; and Bungarus multicinctus, BM); the other species induces hemorrhagic and neurotoxic symptoms (Vipera russelli formosensis. VR). In this investigation, we report 189 snake bite cases in which 45% were from TM, 37% were from TS, 12% were from NA, and others were from BM, DA or VR. Most of the snake bites occurred during summer and autumn Males were bitten three times more frequently than females, Thirty-eight percent of the total bites occurred around residences. Of the total bites, 52% occurred on upper extremities and 44% on lower ones, Most of the TM bites occurred on lower extremities, at night and around residences. TS bites occurred on upper extremities, during the day-time and outdoors. Eighty-eight percent of the patients with snake bite envenomation in Taiwan reached the hospital for treatment within four hours. Antivenom produced by National Institute of Preventive Medicine (NTPM) was available for all the victims who were bitten.

並列關鍵字

Snake Bite ； Taiwan