台灣北部地區三縣市學齡兒童行人傷害之流行病學調查研究

The Epidemiology of Pedestrian Injury among School-Aged Children in Three Counties (Cities) in Northern Taiwan

盧成皆(Sing-Kai Lo) ； 史麗珠(Lai-Chu See) ； 陳端杰(Ray-Jade Chen) ； 麥薛提(Mark Stevenson)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 15卷6期 (1996/12) Pp. 562-571

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1996-15-06-08

摘要

本研究旨在探討學齡兒童行人事故傷害情況及危險因子。自83年起於北部地區三縣市（基隆市、台北縣及桃園縣）抽取國中及國小各五所，對7~15歲學童進行個案對照式調查訪問，並往事故現場觀察有關地形、環境及交通狀況等。受傷的213名個案中以男生佔多數，要生率則以小學4-6年級最高，並以往返家／學校／補習班為最普遍，下午三時至七時及暑假前複較多；事故地點則以直路、路轉角／十字路。最常見，另有百分之十的事件發生在斑馬線或人行道上。事故發生時兒童正在橫過馬路者不及一半，有不少正在走路或在路上玩耍嬉戲。傷者以四肢受傷最多，主要為裂傷、擦傷及挫傷等。肇事的交通工具以機車最多，但若與同時期註冊車輛的數目比較，則大卡車、小型貨車及計程車撞到行人的比例較高。駕駛人犬部份為男性，多為21-40歲。個案及對照之現場觀察，整體來說，個案事故現場之車流量較大，平約車速則與對照組現場與明顯差異。此外，個案現場的路邊停車及攤販數目較多，而馬路兩邊都有人行道的比率卻低於對照現場。

關鍵字

學齡兒童 ； 行人 ； 事故傷害 ； 流行病學

並列摘要

To study the epidemiology of pedestrian injuries, 213 school children aged 7-15 who had been injured as a pedestrian within 12 months before interview, together with the same number of controls matched on gender and class, were interviewed in detail. The incident sites and sites along the routes where controls have to take for similar purposes were also inspected. Male, grade 4-6 students were found to be at higher risk. Most injuries occurred while the students were traveling between home, school and supplementary classes. More than 1/3 of the incidents happened between 3:00 and 7:00 pm, and 47% during the summer months. Most injuries occurred in straight roads or near street corners, and 10% of the collisions occurred on zebra crossings or on sidewalks. At the time of the collision, less than half of the children were crossing the road. A third of them were just walking but some were playing in the street. Injuries were mainly to the four limbs. Motor-cycles were the most common type of colliding vehicle reported. However, when compared to the number of registered vehicles, there were significantly more trucks, light commercial vans and taxis involved in these incidents. Drivers were primarily males of age 21-40. The volume of traffic was marginally heavier at case sites, but average speeds of vehicles were similar between case and control sites. There were more illegal parking and venders on case sites. On the other hand, the proportion having pedestrian side-walks in both sides of the streets was higher in control sites.

並列關鍵字

school-aged children ； pedestrian ； injury ； epidemiology