青少年B型肝炎狀態調查：以某護理學校爲例

Hepatitis B and Immunization Status of Adolescent: The Case of a Nursing College

陳嬿如(Yen-Ju Chen) ； 黃麗卿(Lee-Ching Hwang) ； 黃富源(Fu-Yuan Huang)

《台灣家庭醫學雜誌》 15卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 36-45

https://doi.org/10.7023/TJFM.200503.0036

摘要

According to the surveys of hepatitis B vaccinations in Taiwan, the vaccination was effective in the prevention of hepatitis B and the decline of HBsAg-carrier rates. The aims of this study were to evaluate the HBsAg and Anti-HBs status of teens who received the hepatitis B vaccination more than 15 years ago and to offer family physicians appropriate recommendations. We analyzed the HBsAg, anti-HBs, the vaccination history, and the family history of 447 freshmen with an average age of 17±2 years old in a nursing college in 2002 and 2003 via serological testing and questionnaires.
The results showed 388 students had been vaccinated against hepatitis B, among whom 2.6% were HBsAg-carriers, 67% had anti-HBs-positive, and 30.1% had HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative. 59 students were not vaccinated, among whom 6.8% were HBsAg-carriers, 40.7% had anti-HBs-positive, and 52.5% had HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative. About 73% of these students born before 1986 were vaccinated against hepatitis B during the years between 1990 and 2003. About 95% of those students born after 1986 were vaccinated during the years between 1986 and 1988. The anti-HBs-positive rate of those born after 1986 was lower than those born before 1986 (51.7% vs. 92%). The HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative rate of those born after 1986 was higher than those born before 1986 (44.9% vs. 6.7%). The odds ratio of hepatitis B family history was 54.6 (p＜0.000l), and the odds ratio of unvaccinated condition was 8.59 (p=0.0l).
According to the results, the anti-HBs-positive rate after vaccination decreased year after year. Both the hepatitis B family history and the unvaccinated condition were risk factors of a hepatitis B virus infection. Therefore, we suggest that non-carrier and unvaccinated students who will be health-care professionals should complete the hepatitis B vaccination during training in nursing school. If adequate immunization has not been achieved, booster doses should be considered to achieve an adequate antibody response.

並列摘要

According to the surveys of hepatitis B vaccinations in Taiwan, the vaccination was effective in the prevention of hepatitis B and the decline of HBsAg-carrier rates. The aims of this study were to evaluate the HBsAg and Anti-HBs status of teens who received the hepatitis B vaccination more than 15 years ago and to offer family physicians appropriate recommendations. We analyzed the HBsAg, anti-HBs, the vaccination history, and the family history of 447 freshmen with an average age of 17±2 years old in a nursing college in 2002 and 2003 via serological testing and questionnaires.
The results showed 388 students had been vaccinated against hepatitis B, among whom 2.6% were HBsAg-carriers, 67% had anti-HBs-positive, and 30.1% had HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative. 59 students were not vaccinated, among whom 6.8% were HBsAg-carriers, 40.7% had anti-HBs-positive, and 52.5% had HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative. About 73% of these students born before 1986 were vaccinated against hepatitis B during the years between 1990 and 2003. About 95% of those students born after 1986 were vaccinated during the years between 1986 and 1988. The anti-HBs-positive rate of those born after 1986 was lower than those born before 1986 (51.7% vs. 92%). The HBsAg-negative plus anti-HBs-negative rate of those born after 1986 was higher than those born before 1986 (44.9% vs. 6.7%). The odds ratio of hepatitis B family history was 54.6 (p＜0.000l), and the odds ratio of unvaccinated condition was 8.59 (p=0.0l).
According to the results, the anti-HBs-positive rate after vaccination decreased year after year. Both the hepatitis B family history and the unvaccinated condition were risk factors of a hepatitis B virus infection. Therefore, we suggest that non-carrier and unvaccinated students who will be health-care professionals should complete the hepatitis B vaccination during training in nursing school. If adequate immunization has not been achieved, booster doses should be considered to achieve an adequate antibody response.

並列關鍵字

hepatitis B ； vaccination ； adolescent

參考文獻

Hepatitis B vaccine

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Lo KJ,Tsai YT,Lee SD(1985).Immunoprophylaxis of infection with hepatitis B virus in infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive carrier mothers.J Inf Dis.152,817-822.