設計具有自我建構特徵的互動式電腦輔助學習軟體一物理幾何光學部分

To Design an Interactive Computer Assisted Learning Software with the Character of Self-construction－Geometrical Optics in Physics

羅豪章 ； 江新合

《科學與教育學報》 4期 (2000/06) Pp. 139-160

https://doi.org/10.6449/JSE.200006.0139

摘要

基於傳統講述式教學的缺點以及科技資訊時代的來臨，本研究以互動式電腦多媒體設計理念，結合認知心理學、建構主義、情境認知學習理論、鷹架理論、知識系統結構理論以及超本文連結概念，配合國中理化課程標準，自行設計一套電腦輔助學習軟體，並由實證研究後－
一、探討學生使用CAL軟體進行學習後自我建構的情形。
二、學生在使用本CAL軟體進行學習時，與電腦互動的關係。
三、CAL軟體對學習者學習成就的影響。
四、學生使用本電腦輔助學習軟體後，對於CAL的感想與心得。經由研究後，研究者得到以下四點結論與建議：
一、透過受測者所進行概念構圖可知：本CAL軟體確實可以讓學習者經過電腦的學習過程，逐漸自我建構相關的知識和概念。
二、由受測學生的訪談資料顯示：學生在使用本CAL軟體進行學習時，能夠充分與電腦之間達到互動的目的，同時由分析可知其人機互動情形是屬於反應式的互動型態。
三、利用受測學生在學校參加標準化成就測量的結果顯示：經由本CAL軟體的輔助學習可以幫助學生在校獲致較好學習成就。
四、雖然研究顯示本CAL軟體確實可以提供一個讓學習者自我建構的互動學習環境，然而，CD-Title的CAL所造成的封閉學習環境，是無法逹到雙向式的人機互動功能，這是值得未來研究者需要努力改進的地方。

並列摘要

This research was to design a computer assisted learning (CAL) software based on the theories of interactive multimedia computer, cognitive psychology, constructivism, situated cognition, scaffolding, structural network of knowledge system, hypertext, and synchronized with curriculum of junior high school. With empirical research, what we wanted to discuss as follows:
一、To investigate the self-construction of students after computer assisted learning.
二、To realize the interaction between the user and computer during the process of learning by CAL.
三、To explore the effects of CAL in academic achievement of students.
四、To know what students thought and felt after they have used the CAL software. Overall, the result of this study leaded to four conclusions as well as suggestions:
一、Through the concept maps of examinee, we found they can construct related knowledge and ideals themselves gradually when they learned by CAL software.
二、The result of students’ interviews showed; they attained the aim of interaction fully, and by analysis, it suggested that this interaction was the type of reactive interaction.
三、By means of the result of standardized test of students, we knew: they who have learned by CAL would achieve better.
Although the study indicates that CAL could actually offer the user an interactive learning situation to construct themselves