從矯正機構社會工作員角色期待與工作困境探討未來發展方向

From the Role Expectation and Working Predicaments of Social Workers in the Correctional Institutions to Explore the Future Development of Correctional Social Work

江振亨(Chen-Heng Chiang)

《犯罪學期刊》 6卷2期 (2003/12) Pp. 299-336

https://doi.org/10.29607/ZHWHGX.200312.0007

摘要

本研究目的在了解矯正社會工作員在矯正體系之工作現況及所面臨的問題、探索社會工作在矯正體系中推行的阻力與助力、並提供矯正社會工作未來發展方向之建議。採質性研究之深度訪談，計訪談不同矯正機構六位社工員，並以現象學為研究視框進行資料分析。本研究結果發現如下：
一、未進入矯正機構服務前，社工員本身對社工專業工作的角色期待為發揮社工專業知能，包括社會資源的提供與連結、直接服務的提供（提供個案面談、團體社會工作、家族治療）、降低再犯率。
二、實際的工作經驗
1．工作困境：人力與資源不足、工作的負擔、沒有督導制度及研討進修機會，感到欠缺成長空間、機構內工作條件因素的影響等。
2．工作能順利推展因素：長官的支持、可以發揮專業、與長官理念相同、行政工作負荷少。
3．面對工作困境而能逐漸適應的調處因素：自我調適、彈性的看待工作的指派與工作的內容、了解機構的文化、較好的機構環境。
三、矯正社會工作推行上的阻力與助力：
1．阻力：人力與資源不夠、同仁對社工專業的不了解、欠缺督導及在職訓練、性別與戒護、管理人員對接受晤談的受戒治人的看法、長官對社工的刻板印象、戒治所未獨立。
2．助力：案主動機、長官的支持與對專業的肯定、專業團隊之間的彼此尊重、戒護科的配合、在職訓練、人際關係、晤談環境規劃、整體環境的調整。
四、矯正社會工作未來發展的方向包括：社工人員要足夠、上級對社工專業的支持與認同、建立督導制度、在職訓練及辦理矯治社工研討會、建構整體支持網絡系統、戒治所獨立、升遷管道、專業的制度規劃者、戒治課程標準化、矯正團隊的整合、對服務對象的家庭連繫工作。

關鍵字

工作困境 ； 角色期待 ； 質性研究 ； 矯正社會工作

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the working condition and problems of correctional social workers, to explore the obstruction and assistance of carrying out the social work, and to provide some suggestions for the future development.
Researcher adopted the method of in-depth interview to six social workers, who work in the drug treatment center or prison, to explore their views on social work. Data were derived from procedures of the phenomenological analysis. The findings of this study include as follows:
1. The role expectation of social workers was to bring the professional service to their clients.
2. Practical experience:
(1) Working predicaments included insufficient workers, overloading and lack of supervision system and in-service training.
(2) The positive factors to their work include the supports from commissioners, developing professional abilities, the similar working expectation with their commissioners, and less administrational works.
(3) The ways of accommodation include self-regulating, remaining flexibility about work content, understanding the institutional culture, and good working condition.
3. The direction of the future development of correctional social worker should focus on the sufficiency of social workers, support and identify the profession of social work by commissioners, establish the supervision and integrate the teem-work with connection from client's family.

並列關鍵字

correctional social work ； qualitative research ； role-expectation ； working predicaments

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