台灣二次金改的政策網絡與關鍵時刻

The Policy Network and Critical Conjuncture of Taiwan's "Second Stage" Financial Reform

康文聰(Willem Wen-Tsung Kang)

《中華行政學報》 5期 (2008/06) Pp. 105-122

https://doi.org/10.6712/JCPA.200806_(5).0005

摘要

近年來政府所推動的二次金改，受到各界相當多的質疑與批評。許多研究者試圖為該政策衍生的問題尋求解釋。本文先從新制度論的理性選擇途徑出發，分析相關的次級資料，認為二次金改的失敗乃是由於財團、總統、立法者以及官僚所組成的政策網絡，在個別自利動機下「合作」產生的後果。然而，從歷史制度論的觀點來看，此等政策網絡的結構其實在1990年代初期民主化的過程中就已經成形，成為所謂的「關鍵時刻」。今昔不同之處只在於當時國家移轉給財團的是「新銀行的經營執照」而非「公營銀行的資產」，但是其政策網絡的運作過程，以及造成社會福利下降的結果卻是一致的。

關鍵字

金融改革 ； 新制度論 ； 歷史制度論 ； 政策網絡 ； 關鍵時刻

並列摘要

In recent years, the ”second-stage” financial system reform initiated by the Chen administration has been critiqued and challenged, and a lot of researchers essay to explain the cause of the policy failure. Along with the rational choice approach in new institutionalism, this article first attributes the problems to the policy network consisted of plutocrats, president, legislators, and bureaucrats. Their cooperation for self-interest leads to a loss of social welfare. Furthermore, according to the analysis result, the social structure of the network was well established in early 1990s with democratization. Finding indicates the instant is so called ”critical conjuncture” of Taiwan's financial reform. The only difference between the past and the present is the objects of transaction. Nowadays, the state transforms state-owned banks to plutocrats rather than bank franchise licenses before.

並列關鍵字

Financial Reform ； New Institutionalism ； Historical Institutionalism ； Policy Network ； Critical Conjuncture

參考文獻

瞿宛文(2004)。後權威下再論民營化。台灣社會研究季刊。53，29-60。

黃宗昊(2004)。台灣政商關係的演變：歷史制度論分析。問題與研究。43(4)，35-72。

Evans, P. B.(1995).Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation.Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press.

Feigenbaum, H.,J. Henig,C. Hamnett(1998).Shrinking the State: The Political Underpinnings of Privatization.New York:Cambridge University Press.

Hall, P A.,R. C. R. Taylor(1996).Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms.(Paper presented at MPIFG Scientific Advisory Board Meeting).