女性詐欺犯罪歷程與其監禁適應經驗之探究

近年，詐欺已成為臺灣最普遍的犯罪，電信通訊及電腦網路的發達讓詐騙跨越時空的藩籬蟄伏在我們身邊，隱密且匿名的特性，遂給予詐欺犯有恃無恐的犯罪機會，而其中不乏印象中本該是溫柔婉約的女性加入詐騙的行列。故本研究運用社會科學質性研究方法，針對6位目前尚於矯正機關接受處遇之女性受刑人進行半結構式的深度訪談。以探索「女性詐欺犯罪歷程與監禁經驗」為主軸，逐一建構出女性詐欺犯之犯罪生活型態，了解其生命脈絡、犯罪動機與詐騙手法。另外也針對研究參與者之判決書進行統整，以此補充受訪者敘述詐欺犯罪過程中可能發生的記憶闕漏或扭曲，將其詐欺犯罪歷程一一還原，並試圖用一般化緊張理論從社會結構與個人情感面向解構女性詐欺犯罪之原因與犯罪特性，後論及入監後父權宰制的監禁系統，規訓、紀律如何形塑女性受刑人的生活經驗，以及如何回應、抵抗這些規訓。透過詮釋學的資料分析程序，在對話中產生互為主體的理解，將其生命經驗闡明開來。研究結果顯示，女性詐欺犯罪之原因來自於社會與情感壓力、機會與合理化的詐騙，並發現女性詐欺受刑人在全控機構的表現較為樂觀、積極、服從。最後參考「三級預防理論」提出防制策略，希望能強化現階段實務面打擊詐欺犯罪之方向並提出在監適應相關建議，期能制訂適合女性犯罪人矯治處遇政策之參考。

關鍵字

女性詐騙；犯罪歷程；一般化緊張理論；日常生活理論；監禁

並列摘要

In recent years, fraud has become the most frequent type of crime. The popular development of telecom and internet across time and space with confidential and anonymous characteristics leads fraud crime to be occurred in a particular opportunity. Especially, some females who are supposed to be obedient and submissive are also obviously found as fraud perpetrators. Therefore, this study aims to employ qualitative research method by interviewing six female fraud prisoners. The study focusing on female fraudsters' career and their imprisonment experiences attempts to investigate criminal patterns, life contexts, motivations for crime and fraud tactics within these female fraudsters. Furthermore, judicial conviction records of these female interviewees are also analyzed as the supplement to enhance the comprehensive picture of these female fraudsters' criminal histories. The research firstly bases upon general strain theory combining aspects of social structure and individual affection in order to disclose criminal causes and characters of these female fraudsters. Secondly, their imprisonment experiences shaped by patriarchal regime have be elaborated in regard with discipline and domination in this study. Through the approach of hermeneutics, the intersubjective understanding of discussion and analysis with these six female fraudsters is further crystalized. The research outcomes reveal that the reasons of female fraud crime come from social and affectional pressure as well as neutral tactics of fraud. It is also found that these female fraudsters in prison tend to be positive, active and obedient. In final, the theory of primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention is proclaimed to combat with fraud crime as well as appropriate correctional treatments are also suggested. It is hoped that the polices in relation to correctional treatment of female prisoners, particularly female fraudsters, could be properly respected and emphasized.