考量廢棄電機電子產品不同再使用處理模式下回收效益最佳化探討

A Study of Optimal Recycling Revenue with Different Reuse Approaches

方翊澤(Yi-Tse Fang) ； 饒忻(Hsin Rau)

《先進工程學刊》 9卷3期 (2014/07) Pp. 131-136

摘要

近年來，全球暖化造成極端氣候，人類面臨的環境問題日趨嚴重。為減緩全球暖化造成環境持續惡化，「節能減碳」已是國際間密切關注的焦點議題，各國政府開始大力推動低碳城市，鼓勵綠色生產、綠色消費以及發展綠色經濟，透過資源永續循環的概念來達成減少溫室氣體排放之目標。而在各項減量政策中，資源回收被視為低成本且最具減量效益之方式，許多先進國家更以「資源有效利用」作為環境政策的新方向與環保施政重點。我國環保署為促進資源有效運用與管理，採用兩階段政策，結合課徵回收清除處理費及給予回收清除處理補貼費方式執行產品資源回收，在過去相關的研究中廢棄產品皆以材料再利用作為回收處理之方式；然而，許多廢棄商品仍有產品可再使用及零件可再使用之價值。因此，本研究建立一回收模式，考量廢棄產品回收之產品再使用、零件再使用及材料再利用等三種處理模式，以符合實際狀況。另外，本研究藉由探討廢棄產品不同處理模式之機率、廢棄產品回收收益與消費者回收獎勵金水準之相互關係，可求得總體社會福利之最大化，最後本研究進行參數敏感度分析。本研究結果可提供政府部門（基管會）在考慮社會福利最大化下訂定最適回收清除補貼費，以及協助回收業者求得最適消費者回收獎勵金費率，進而提升消費者與回收業者回收意願，達到WEEE指令要求之收集率與回收率目標。

關鍵字

回收效益 ； 消費者回收獎勵金 ； 回收補貼費率 ； 廢電機電子設備指令

並列摘要

In recent years, global warming causes extreme weather that results in environmental impacts faced by human beings seriously. In order to suppress the damage caused by global warming on the environment, energy saving and carbon footprint reduction have become global imperative issues. Every government in the world starts to promote the development of low-carbon cities, to encourage green production and green consumption and to develop green economy, through the concept of sustainable resources circulation to reach the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In all kinds of reduction policies, resource recycling is regarded as a low-cost and most effective way of reduction, even in many developed countries, ＂effective use of resources＂ is a new direction and important focus of environmental policy. In order to promote the effective use and management of resources, Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) uses a two-stage policy, combined with the advance recycling fee and disposal subsidy, to implement product recycling. Related researches in the past showed that the handling of waste products ends up with the reuse of materials; however, there are still lots of values left for those waste products to be treated as reused parts or re-used products. Therefore, this study develops a recycling model for waste products to consider three different reuse approaches, product reuse, part reuse, and material reuse to meet actual situation. In addition, this study discusses the relationship among the probability of different reuse approaches of waste products, revenue of recycling waste products, and consumer recycling incentive income level in order to find the maximal value of the overall social welfare. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of parameters used in this study is performed. The result of this study can provide the related departments in government to determine the subsidy of recycling and clearance fee under the optimum set of social welfare of recycling and help determine the optimal consumer recycling incentive rate for the recycling industry in order to enhance the willingness of recycling for the consumer and the recycling industry, and finally to achieve the collection rate and recovery targets required in the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) Directive.

並列關鍵字

recycling revenue ； consumer recycle award ； optimal subsidy rates ； waste electrical and electronic equipment directive