清代詠酒竹枝詞之研究

The Qing Dynasty Chants "the Wine for Ancient Folk Songs Love as Their theme; Occasional Poems in the Classical Style Devoted to Local Topics" of Study

廖建智(Chien-Chih Liao)

《嘉義大學通識學報》 7期 (2009/12) Pp. 379-405

https://doi.org/10.7042/JYDXTSXB.200912.0379

摘要

〈竹枝詞〉是一種詩體，原是巴、楚一帶，集合歌詞、音樂和舞蹈而成的民間歌曲。由於四川是我國國寶貓熊之故鄉，竹子種植甚多。民歌中的〈竹枝〉，流傳年代久遠，但歌調充滿哀怨，正是反映楚地崇拜巫鬼信仰和四川生活環境艱險的生活寫照。 唐代劉禹錫將民歌變成文人的詩體，致〈竹枝詞〉在民間流傳緜遠，歷經宋、元、明代而不衰。清代文人更將〈竹枝詞〉發揚光大，尤其乾隆皇帝亦親自創作竹枝詞，有《荔枝效竹枝詞》三首，為歷代帝王所僅見。 清代文人除熱衷以茶會友，更嗜好以酒會友，美酒甘旨催化下，一首又一首，膾炙人口的詠酒竹枝詞，如雨後春筍般的誕生。〈竹枝詞〉語言流暢，通俗易懂，民間的口語、俚語皆可入詩，讀起來朗朗上口，具有濃厚的鄉土風味和生活氣息。更由於清代製酒業興盛，文人多以聚會宴飲方式聯絡情感，無論出自南方或北方的詠酒竹枝詞，皆有詩風明快，詼諧風趣的特色。

關鍵字

竹枝詞 ； 酒 ； 詩體 ； 鄉土風味 ； 詼諧

並列摘要

is one kind of poem body, is originally area Pakistan, Chu, gathers folk song which the lyrics, music and the dance become. Because Sichuan is hometown of our country national treasure pandas, bamboo planter very many. In the folk song, spreads the age to be remote, but the song tune fills plaintively, is precisely reflected that Chu worships Wu Gui to believe with the Sichuan living conditions hard and dangerous life portrayal. Tang Dynasty Liu Yuxi turns the folk song writer's poem body, delivers to spread the wadding in the folk to be far, after Song, the Yuan, the Ming Dynasty does not fade. The Qing Dynasty writer will carry forward, especially Emperor Qianlong also personally creates the ancient folk song or folk poetry originally about love and later describing local themes, has ”Litchi chinensis Effect Ancient folk song or folk poetry originally about love and later describing local themes” three, only sees for the line of kings.
The Qing Dynasty writer except craves by the tea society member, the hobby by the liquor society member, under the good wine delicacies catalysis, another, enjoys great popularity chants the liquor ancient folk song or folk poetry originally about love and later describing local themes, like mushroom growth birth. the language is smooth, easy to understand, the folk spoken language, the slang all may enter the poem, reads ringing the upper opening, has the strong local flavor and the life breath. Because the Qing Dynasty system wine business are more prosperous, the writer many gets together feasts the way contact emotion, regardless of south stems from or the north chants the liquor ancient folk song or folk poetry originally about love and later describing local themes, all has the poem wind to be sprightly, humorous charming characteristic.

並列關鍵字

Ancient folk song or folk poetry originally about love and later describing local themes ； liquor ； poem body ； local flavor ； humorous p

參考文獻

清舒位撰(1844)。黔苗竹枝詞。

清陳燦(1888)。西湖竹枝詞。丁氏。

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清李于潢撰(1922)。汴宋竹枝詞。揚州:揚州陳和書林。

清嚴用三(1970)。堅瓠癸集。台北:廣文書局。