試析敦煌所藏《雲謠集》之用韻特色

Analysis in Characteristic Phonology of "Yunyao Collection" in Dunhuang

郭懿儀(Yi-Yi Kuo)

《應華學報》 11期 (2012/06) Pp. 105-126

https://doi.org/10.6391/JAC.201206.0105

摘要

敦煌曲子詞的發現以《雲謠集》的時代為最早，《雲謠集》的出現幾乎重寫了學界對於唐詩宋詞的嚴密分際，《雲謠集》所被賦予的體制、押韻等等都將成為詞史發展的重要證據之一。以語音史的觀點來看，《雲謠集》正處於晚唐五代時期語音變化激烈的時期，此時漢語的聲韻調都有著極大的改變，而《雲謠集》恰好保存了這樣激烈變化的語音證據。本文嘗試藉由分析《雲謠集》的用韻現象，輔以當時代的語音材料，包括唐代關中方言、十世紀的河西方言，亦參考了近體詩用韻現象。發現《雲謠集》的押韻現象並不全然合於唐代關中方言音系及中唐以後的詩韻現象，對照同地區的十世紀河西方言也不盡相同，而正因如此，《雲謠集》的語音現象才更值得重視，同時可以為後來的語音變化路徑提供一些更為寬廣的語音例證。

關鍵字

雲謠集 ； 敦煌 ； 中古音 ； 用韻

並列摘要

In Dunhuang Quzi Ci, yunyao collection is the earliest works. Discovery of yunyao collection almost rewrote the boundaries of Tang poetry and Ci Poem. Yunyao Collection contains structure and rhyme, and these will become important evidence of the development of Ci Poem history. By the point of view of phonology, yunyao collection is at the intense period of pronunciation of the middle phonology in the 9-10 century. At this time, the Chinese Syllable has a great change and yunyao collection preserves such as the evidence of a drastic change. This paper will analyzes rhyme phenomenon of Yunyao Collection, and replenishs the other phonology material of the same age, including the vernacular language of Guanzhong area in Tang Dynasty, the vernacular language of Hexi area in 10 century and rhyme phenomenon of Modern Style Poetry. But rhyme phenomenon of Yunyao Collection doesn’t conform to rhyme phenomenon of Modern Style Poetry at middle-Tang Dynasty and also not conform to the vernacular language of Guanzhong area in Tang Dynasty, the vernacular language of Hexi area in 10 century. For this reason, rhyme phenomenon of Yunyao Collection has to be more worthy of attention and it could provided the beat example for the change of phonology.

並列關鍵字

"Yunyao Collection" ； Dunhuang Quzi Ci