斷章取義與莫逆於心－春秋時期賦詩行為的文本意義

To Quote without Context and to Intimate with Heart: The Textual Meaning of Poetry Writing in the Chun Qiu Period

歐修梅(Hsiu-Mei Ou)

《應華學報》 11期 (2012/06) Pp. 176-190

https://doi.org/10.6391/JAC.201206.0176

摘要

「賦詩言志」，是以賦詩這種迂迴委婉的方式來傳遞卿大夫所屬侯國的立場，或是卿大夫個人的情志，其主要運用的時間集中在春秋中晚期。此溝通行為使用的語言為詩歌，看似模糊、不明確，但是，在賦者和聽者之間，卻似乎存在著更為深刻的理解，這份理解有其時空條件，一旦離開，其溝通與交流的可能性便不復存在。本文試圖參酌現代敘事學中對於作者、讀者交流的理論，來檢視、探討《左傳》賦詩行動中，賦詩者（既是讀者，也是用詩者）的角色和功能，並及於賦詩行為之所以可以達成賦詩者目的的原因。最後則試圖解決何以需要使用「賦詩」這種方式來言志的問題，並論及「賦詩言志」現象的文化意義及影響。

關鍵字

《詩經》 ； 《左傳》 ； 賦詩言志 ； 貴族文化 ； 敘事學

並列摘要

”Fu Shi Yan Zhi (expressing oneself with poetry)” refers to the behavior of conveying one's ambitions and emotions through a circuitous and euphemistic way of poetry writing. In this case, poetry is the language of communication. And, although poetic language appears vague and inexplicit, the composer and receiver of a poem seem to have reached a mutual understanding more profound than commonly expected. This kind understanding is grounded in a singular time and space. Once the poem is taken out of its temporal and spatial context, on which reciprocal exchange is warrantied, any intimate communication would become impossible. Taking a cue from the theory of the interactions between writer and reader in modern narratology, this paper scrutinizes the role and function of the poetry composer-as both a reader as well as a poetry user-in the activity of poetry writing as seen in ”Zuo Chuan”. This paper also addresses questions such as why poetry writing could serve a useful purpose for the composer, and why one should feel the need to use ”poetry writing” as a means to express oneself.

並列關鍵字

"The Book of Songs" ； "Zuo Chuan" ； Fu Shi Yan Zhi (expressing oneself with poetry) ； aristocratic culture ； narratology