- 期刊
多音複調下的蓬萊仙島－論《裨海紀遊》衍異文本的歷史空間及其文化意涵
17th Century Taiwan in a Polyphony Perspective Examination of the Construction of Historical Space in Taiwan and Its Cultural Content from Various Texts Based on "Pi Hai Chi Yu"
摘要
流傳至今已逾三百餘年的《裨海紀遊》，是清初文人郁永河對台灣的實地考察遊記，文中台灣被描述成蠻荒與瘴癘的恐怖島嶼，在文末且表達其滯台半年多的感想：「余向慕海外遊，謂弱水可掬、三山可即，今既目極蒼茫，足窮幽險，而所謂神仙者，不過裸體文身之類而已！縱有閬苑蓬瀛，不若吾鄉瀲灩空濛處簫鼓畫船、雨奇晴好，足繫吾思也。觀止矣！寄語秦、漢之君，毋事褰裳濡足也！」（《裨海紀遊》卷下）與初始滿懷期待，探險尋奇的興奮之情相較，這趟因採硫公務而展開的旅程，顯然令郁永河對此傳說中的海外仙島，有了全新的理解與評價。然而，由於郁永河對沿途所經過的地理風光及民情風俗有詳實的記錄，此書作為認識「十七世紀的台灣」實具有珍貴的參考價值。此外，在歷經將近兩個半世紀後，於日治時期日籍作家西川滿及戰後林海音、葉石濤、馬以工、蔣勳及顏金良等人，紛紛在不同的時代背景，就《裨海紀遊》衍異出各類不同的文本，同一個地理空間，自四○年代起，幾乎每隔十年就引人回顧十七世紀時台灣的風土與民情，本文擬就這實際地理風貌上消逝已久的歷史空間，如何在《裨海紀遊》不同的衍異文本中呈現，並進一步探討其間的文化意涵。
並列摘要
”Pi Hai Chi Yu”, the exploration journal by Yu Yung-ho to Taiwan in early Ching Dynasty, was written more than three hundred years ago. In this book Taiwan was described as barbaric and full of epidemics; at the end of it he commented his six-month stay as: ”I always yearned to travel overseas, thinking I could reach the legendary water and mountains. Now that I've explored all these, I discovered that the so-called celestials are nothing but naked and tattooed tribesmen. However splendid their world might be, it's not as mesmerizing as the scenery in my hometown. I've seen it all! Tell the emperors of Chin and Han: don't bother to pay such a visit!” (”Pi Hai Chi Yu”, Volume Two) The original expectation and excitement were gone, but this journey to investigate the sulphur industry left Yu a better understanding of the legendary island. Yu has recorded in detail the geography, scenery and local culture along the way, which makes this book an invaluable reference of 17th century Taiwan. Furthermore, Nishikawa Mitsuru during Japanese occupation and Lin Haiyin, Ye Shitao, Ma Yigong, Jiang Xun and Yan Jinliang post-war have all created their own texts based on ”Pi Hai Chi Yu”. Since the 1940s, people would look back at the 17th century Taiwan every ten years. In this essay I would like to examine the representation of this long-gone historical space in different texts and explore the cultural content in between.
延伸閱讀
- 王家誠（1992）。明四家傳（九四）─蓬萊仙奕圖。故宮文物月刊，(117)，136-144。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=NPMM10119078-199212-202001010117-13
- 顧敏耀（2017）。四合煙濤天下秀，蓬萊谿壑好風光－張夢機詩作中的臺灣地景。遠東通識學報，11(2)，33-51。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=19977638-201707-201708140008-201708140008-33-51
- 林文月（1982）。蓬萊文章建安骨－試論中世紀詩壇風骨之式微與復興。中外文學，11(1)，4-41。https://doi.org/10.6637/CWLQ.1982.11(1).4-41
- 林巾力（2015）。Constructing ＂Taiwan＂ Literature: The Appropriation and Adaptation of Hippolyte Taine's Theory and Its Meanings in Taiwan Literary Criticism during the Japanese Colonial Era。臺大文史哲學報，(83)，1-35。https://doi.org/10.6258/bcla.2015.83.01
- 彭明輝（2008）。A Survey on the Historiography in Taiwan: The Case of History Journals at the Research Institutions and Government in Taiwan (1945-2000)。國立政治大學歷史學報，(30)，215-255。https://doi.org/10.30383/TJH.200811_(30).0006