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  • 期刊

憲法解釋與社會保險制度之建構-以社會保險“相互性”關係為中心

The Interpretations of the Constitutional Court and the Construction of Social Insurance Systems-A Study on the Reciprocity of Social Insurance Systems

摘要


關於社會保險制度,我國憲法第l55條、憲法增修條文第10條第5項定有明文,惟我國憲法缺乏社會福利國的歷史背景與理念基礎,因此憲法與社會政策、立法之間向來欠缺「憲法價值決定-立法落實」的關連性,立法者經常遷就於現實政治實力,建構出與憲法的價值立場不甚相符的制度。其中的關鍵,即在於立法政策上自始即已偏離社會保險的相互性關係,國民亦將保險給付視爲國家之恩給而欠缺社會連帶的共識,使得社會保險的財務狀況在民主化之後更難有改善的空間。我國社會保險制度將何去何從,重建相互性關係抑或捨棄社會連帶走向個別化,正面臨一個十字路口。憲法規範的價值拘束性雖已獲學說與憲法解釋之確認,惟社會保險制度的核心-相互性關係仍有待釋憲者闡明,資源高度集中與國家是否具有社會政策上和正當性,亦有待檢討,爲立法者的形成自由書出更爲明確的憲法界限。

並列摘要


The social insurance system and universal health insurance have been stated in Article 155 of the Constitution and in Paragraph 5 Article 10 of the Amendment of the Constitution However, for lacking of the historical and ideological background of a western social welfare states, our legal system shows little connection between the legislation and the value of the Constitution Legislators are usually influenced by political power struggles and concern only about elections therefore, the legal system constructed is not consistent with the constitutional values of the reciprocity of the social insurance Citizens consider the social insurance as a favor bestowed by the government and not a social responsibilities This makes the improvement of the financial situation of the social insurance systems difficult, especially after the demociatization We are at the crossroad of reconstruction of a society with reciprocal relationship and development toward individualism The value of the Constitution has been confirmed but the core of the social insurance system i e reciprocity and solidarity needs further interpretation by the Constitutional Court Righteousness of the social policy in a county with major resources controlled by the government needs to be examined as well

參考文獻


林國明(2003)。公民會議與審議民主:全民健保的公民參與經驗。台灣社會學。6,61-118。
林國明(2003)。到國家主義之路:路徑依賴與全民健保組織的形成。台灣社會學。5,1-71。
林志鴻、鄭文輝、鄭清霞(2005)。社會保險基金作為構成國家安定基金成員正當性之商榷。政治與社會哲學評論。12,183-233。
呂建德(2003)。與弱勢者的團結-尋找全民健保中的正義基礎。台灣社會研究季刊。51,51-94。
Arnmin, Hans Herbert Von(1984).Staatslehre für Bundesrepublilc.Deutschland,Müchen:Valen Verlag.

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