法律規範的同位階衝突及解決：以法律規則與法律原則的關係為出發點

The Equal-rank Conflicts of Legal Norms and Their Resolutions: The Interrelation of Legal Rules and Legal Principles as a Basic Point

雷磊(Lei Lei)

《臺大法學論叢》 38卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 1-66

https://doi.org/10.6199/NTULJ.2009.38.04.01

摘要

傳統的法律規範衝突理論關注於在空間、時間與邏輯上處於不同位階的法律規範間的衝突，並依預設之形式準則來解決衝突。但此種辦法應對不了法律規範的同位階衝突問題，它忽視了包括法律原則同樣是法律規範的類型之一。Dworkin、Alexy、Hage的理論揭示出，規則和原則是具有不同性質的證立理由，解決同位階衝突的基本典範是個案式的原則權衡。為此，需要在Hage「規則／原則－理由」論的基礎上結合Alexy的重力公式，使得原則權衡的方法具體化、因素明確化。在這一模式的基礎上，原則與原則的衝突、原則與規則的衝突、規則與規則的衝突三種情形被進行統一的處理。但此一衝突解決的新模式尚未能處理許多問題，此間難題的核心在於價值判斷的客觀化。可能的解決方向在於構築理性法律論證程式。

關鍵字

同位階衝突 ； 法律規則 ； 法律原則 ； 權衡 ； 重力公式 ； 理性論證程式

並列摘要

The traditional theory concerning conflicts of legal norms concentrates on the conflicts between legal norms which are located in different ranks of space, time and logic. It resolves the conflicts by presupposed formal law, which can not resolve those conflicts between legal norms of the same rank, for its neglect of legal principles which are also a necessary subtype of legal norms. The theories of Dworkin, Alexy and Hage reveal that, rules and principles are justification reasons with different characters, and the basic paradigm of conflict resolution is the principle-based balancing in individual case. It is, therefore, proper to introduce Alexy's Weight Formula on basis of Hage's theory on ”rules/principles-reasons”, through which we make the methods connected with it more specific and considerations in it clearer. Based on this model, the problems of conflicts between principles, between principle and rule, as well as between rules are uniformly dealt with. However, this new model introduced here still could not overcome many difficulties that arise in the domain of normative conflict, among which the most serious one is how to objectify the value-judgment. The possible resolution lies in the construction of rational legal argumentation procedure.

並列關鍵字

conflicts of the same class ； legal rules ； legal principles ； balance ； Weight Formula ； rational argumentation procedure

參考文獻

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