僱傭關係下發明權益之研究：以我國專利法為中心

A Study on the Ownership of Inventions Made in the Course of Employment: The Taiwan Approach

李素華(Su-Hua Lee)

《臺大法學論叢》 39卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 1-70

https://doi.org/10.6199/NTULJ.2010.39.01.01

摘要

對當前企業而言，由受僱人所創造的無形資產乃重要資產。實際上從事研發之受僱人，對於研發成果之產生有重要貢獻；同樣的，承擔鉅額研發成本及失敗風險的僱用人，對提升科學技術水準亦屬不可或缺。據此，如何平衡僱傭關係下當事人就發明之權益，實有探究之必要；此一問題乃同時涉及專利法、契約法及勞動法之高度爭議議題，新近在國際間引發重視與討論。本文以我國專利法下僱傭關係之發明權益法制規範為討論重點，就職務發明與非職務發明之認定標準、勞僱雙方就各該發明之權益及契約約定此等議題之效力等問題，進行探討，並兼而提出各該問題之淺見與建議。

關鍵字

受僱人發明 ； 僱用人之營業權 ； 營業權 ； 專利權 ； 僱傭契約

並列摘要

Nowadays the intellectual property portfolio generated by the employed personnel is main capital for most enterprises. On one hand, employees engaging in R&D activities shall be given every encouragement and recognition. On the other hand, the employers taking risks with enormous investment in R&D also play a major role in promoting innovation. Therefore, the proper balance of rights of employed inventors and employers needs to be considered. This issue embraces contradictory legal principles, including patent law, contract law and labor law, which are somewhat controversial and discussed recently at international level. This article focuses upon the legal framework of patent law regarding inventions invented by employees in Taiwan. Important issues in this field, including the definition of employees' inventions and free inventions, employer's shop right to use the free inventions and enforceability of contracts relating to employees' inventions, are reviewed in detail. Proper solutions and suggestions are also submitted.

並列關鍵字

employees' invention ； employer's shop right ； shop right ； patent right ； employment contract

參考文獻

楊通軒(2005)。勞工創作物權益歸屬與競業禁止關係之研究。臺大法學論叢。34(3)，333-400。

陳聰富(2003)。契約自由之限制：國家政策或契約正義。臺大法學論叢。32(1)，119-164。

邱駿彥(2006)。勞動派遣法律若干疑義之考察。台北大學法學論叢。60，47-74。

Bartenbach, Anja,Pock, Soenke(2005).Erfindungen von Organmitgliedem-Zuordnung und Vergütung.(GRUR).

Bartenbach, Kurt,Volz, Franz-Eugen(2009).Das Arbeitnehmererfindungsrecht auf der Nahtstelle von Arbeitsrecht und gewerblichem Recbtschutz.(GRUR).