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2014年憲法發展回顧

Developments in the Law in 2014: Constitutional Law

摘要


本文回顧2014年臺灣憲法的發展,並分憲法解釋、重要立法及重要事件等三部分檢討。在憲法解釋方面,本年度共有10則大法官解釋,其中釋字第721號解釋以增修條文為標的,釋字第725號解釋涉及定期失效違憲宣告的個案救濟,均有重要的法制意義;另釋字第717、718、719等號解釋亦屬兼具學理及實務重要性的解釋,本文均一一扼要討論。在重要立法方面,本年度立法院通過兒童權利公約施行法和身心障礙者權利施行法,然立法院在制定上述施行法之前,並未先批准系爭人權公約,形成「無條約,卻有施行法」的奇特立法先例。本文對此提出批判分析,並建議應儘速補行公約議決程序。在憲法事件方面,2014年3月間爆發的太陽花學運,11月29日舉行的九合一地方選舉,各為本年度的重要事件,本文也都有扼要的分析。

並列摘要


This paper reviews the development of Tawian's constitutional law in 2014, focusing on constitutional interpretations, important legisaltions, and critical events concerned. The Constitutional Court made 10 decisions in 2014. This paper discusses No. 721, 725 and several more important interpretaions. No. 721 confirms the consitutionality of Constituitonal Amendments regarding the legislative election systems. No. 725 grants retroactive judicial remedies for those petition cases under the declaration model of “unconstitutional but invalid later.” In addition, No. 717, 718 and 719 are decisions on constitutional rights issues of academic and practical importance. These five interpretations are examined in details. On legisaltions, the Legisaltive Yuan passed two implementation acts to recognize the domestic legal effects of those rights as provided for in the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, without first ratifying these two Conventions. This paper thus makes a critical comment on such a unique model. Finally this paer discusses three major events of constituitonal significance: the 318 Sunflower Movement, presidential nomination and legislative confirmation of the members of the Examination and Control Yuans, and the first ever nation-wide nine-in-one local elections in November.

參考文獻


蔡宗珍(2011)。退休公教人員優惠存款措施之法律關係及相關信賴保護爭議析論。臺大法學論叢。40(1),99-138。
司法院大法官審理案件法修正草案第55條第3項、第60條、第64條第1項
司法院釋字第719號解釋,羅昌發大法官不同意見書,頁6、10-12
司法院釋字第719號解釋抄本,頁109-112
立法院公報處(2014),《立法院公報》,103卷37期,頁206-219,台北:立法院,立法院第8屆第5會期第10次院會會議紀錄(05/20/2014)(立法院2014年4月16日外交及國防、社會福利及衛生環境兩委員會聯席會議審查報告)

被引用紀錄


黃立宇(2017)。論身心障礙者權利公約第12條法律能力之憲法實踐-從歐洲經驗出發〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201702628
陳冠穎(2017)。身心障礙者信託法制之比較研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201700583
許宗力(2016)。大法官解釋與社會正義之實踐臺大法學論叢45(S),1359-1421。https://doi.org/10.6199/NTULJ.2016.45.SP.05

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