The Dunhuang manuscript S.388 has a title called the Zhengming Yaolu with complete opening and ending sections and it has 185 lines in total. This text is a sample reference for the standard-character movement that were promoted in the early Tang Dynasty. The content of this text focuses on the characters with same pronunciations and meanings but different structures and it categorizes these characters into four groups including standard, vernacular, interchangeable, and wrong characters. This text also collects a great number of characters with same pronunciations but different meanings in order to teach readers how to correctly use these characters. This study will base on the perspective of the philological education to discuss 788 characters that were commonly used in the daily life of the early Tang era, for highlighting the significance of wrongly-written characters in the script education in the past.
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