P.2666V「治小兒驚啼方」考

A Study on the Recipe for Healing Children's Crying of Frightening on the Dunhuang Manuscript P.2666V

梁麗玲(Liang Liling)

《敦煌學》 34期 (2018/08) Pp. 131-152

摘要

P.2666V的治小兒驚啼方，係採用臍下書字符以禳除侵擾小兒鬼祟的一種祝由方術。然而「書臍下作貴字」的厭勝法術，不僅缺乏其他文獻資料可資驗證，同時期佛典和醫書的治病療方皆是以書鬼字符為主，宋代以後的治小兒夜啼方則多以書田字符貼臍呈現。本文首先從民俗醫療的角度，舉例證明書「貴」應屬訛誤；再從寫卷的抄寫，進一步闡釋可能是鬼、貴音近致誤；最後解析從敦煌文獻的臍下書「鬼」字到宋代文獻的書「田」字符咒之間的演變關係。

關鍵字

敦煌寫卷 ； 小兒驚啼 ； 小兒夜啼 ； 書鬼字符 ； 書田字符咒

並列摘要

The Recipe for Healing the Children's Crying of Frightening on the Dunhuang manuscript P. 2666V is a Zhuyou exorcism that disperses demons away from children by writing the talismans of characters on their belly buttons. However, the Yansheng exorcism of writing the character of Gui 貴 under the belly button is not supported by other textual sources. In the meantime, contemporary Buddhist literature and medical texts often told writing the talismans of the gui 鬼 character. After the Song era, the recipe was made by writing the character of tian for attaching it to the belly button. This paper first argues that the talisman of writing the character gui was a mistake from a perspective of folk medical knowledge. Moreover, this paper suggests that the mistake might come from the confusing pronunciations of gui 貴and gui 鬼. Lastly, this paper traces the transformation from writing the character gui 鬼 in the Dunhuang texts to writing the character tian 田 in the Song dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Dunhuang manuscript ； Children's crying of frightening ； Children's crying in nighttime ； Talismans of Writing the Character of Demon ； Talismans of Writing the Character of Field

參考文獻

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