健走運動對社區中高齡居民身心健康促進成效之探討

Brisk Walking Exercise Effects on Physical and Mental Health for Middle-Aged and Older Community Residents

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu) ； 柯幸宜(Hsin-Yi Ko)

《工作與休閒學刊》 3卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 159-171

https://doi.org/10.6848/JWL.201203_3(1).0011

摘要

本研究旨在探討健走運動對社區中高齡居民身心健康之效應，特別徵募47位臺北市某里之中高齡居民進行為期十二週的健走訓練，使用匹茲堡睡眠品質量表（PSQI）、休閒效益量表等心理量表，及自覺健康評量表、運動自覺量表（RPE）等生理量表，以及體重、身體質量指數（BMI）、體脂肪百分比之生理檢測等工具來收集研究對象健走前後的身心健康狀態。資料經分析後發現：（1）健走對心理健康狀態有顯著效應，包括：由匹茲堡睡眠品質量表顯示對整體睡眠品質有明顯改善；由休閒效益量表顯示健走運動是屬於正向有益的運動。（2）健走對身體健康狀態亦有顯著的效應，包括：由自覺健康評量表顯示健走後有非常健康的感覺；由研究對象之體重、身體質量指數、體脂肪百分比顯示健走運動後皆有顯著的下降，且由運動自覺量表顯示健走介於「非常輕鬆」到「輕鬆」之間，表示健走為簡易而適度的運動，非常適合中高齡者，值得有效推廣。

關鍵字

健走運動 ； 社區中高齡居民 ； 健康促進

並列摘要

As we age our physical function starts to decline. Meanwhile, the health problems and the suffering rate of chronic, such as cardiovascular, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia, adiposity, low backache, etc also rise, along with the age increase, especially for above middle and older age. This causes inconvenience for seniors in daily life, and increases nursing and health insurance expenses. To improve chronic diseases in middle-aged and older community residents, brisk walking, which obtains people's fondness easily, should be a feasible scheme. To investigate the effect of brisk walking on physical and mental health of middle-aged and older community residents, this study recruited 47 middle-aged and older residents from a Taipei City's community for a twelve week-long brisk walking training program. The participant's physical and mental condition before and after brisk walking was collected by mental scales, such as Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Leisure Benefit Scale, physiological scales, like Self-perception Health, RPE, and other physiological examination tools, such as weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage. The data analysis leads to two conclusions. First, brisk walking has a significant effect on the participant's mental/psychological health. This can be demonstrated by PSQI which shows that the participant's overall sleeping quality obviously improved. The Leisure Benefit Scale data also reveals that brisk walking is a beneficial movement for middle-aged and older residents. The second, brisk walking also has significant effect on physical health which was demonstrated by Self-perception Scale since the data manifests that participant felt very healthy after taking brisk walking. The participant's weight, BMI, body fat percentage also decreased. According to the RPE, brisk walking is an exercise situated between very relaxed and relaxed which means that it is an easy and appropriate movement for middle-aged and older residents. Therefore, the brisk walking is worth promoting.

並列關鍵字

brisk walking ； middle-aged and older community residents ； health promotion

參考文獻

內政部，2002，內政部社會司老人福利，老人福利法，http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/04/02/02_1.htm

行政院衛生署國民健康局網站 http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw/

Asikainen, T. M.,Miilunpalo, S.,Oja, P.,Rinne, M.,Pasanen, M.,Uusi-Rasi, K.(2002).Randomised, controlled walking trials in postmenopausal women: the minimum dose to improve aerobic fitness?.British Journal of Sports Medicine.36(3),189-194.

Asikainen, T. M.,Miilunpalo, S.,Oja, P.,Rinne, M.,Pasanen, M.,Vuori, I.(2002).Walking trials in postmenopausal women: effect of one v.s. two daily bouts on aerobic fitness.Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports.12(2),99-105.

Paillard, T.,Lafont, C.,Costes-Salon, M.C.,Dupui, P.,Riviere, D.,Vellas, B.(2002).Cholesterol reduction and increased cardiovascular fitness following a 12 weeks brisk walking.The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging.6(2),138-140.