歷史．身體─以李棠華技術團為論述中心

History．Body: Taking "Tang-Hua Li's Acrobatics Group" as a Narrative Center

郭憲偉(Hsien-Wei Kuo) ； 徐元民(Yuan-Ming Hsu)

《運動文化研究》 18期 (2011/09) Pp. 111-146

https://doi.org/10.29818/SS.201109.0004

摘要

臺灣雜技發展史近年來已有不少學者投入研究，不過，其中仍有一些待釐清的部分需要我們持續的努力。尤其是李棠華技術團即是其中一個重要且關鍵卻又一直乏人關注的課題。因此，本文以李棠華技術團作為一個分析場域，透過歷史研究法與口述歷史法，蒐集報刊雜誌、官方資料、藝人的回憶錄、傳記，以及筆者所記錄的口述材料，企圖勾勒出其歷史軌跡，進一步探討雜技藝人的身體如何承載於認同、舞臺、師徒等關係上，並分析其歷史意義。研究結果發現：李棠華技術團經歷國共內戰時期的生存性表演－渡海來臺的勞軍性表演－復興中華的外交性表演－發揚文化的傳承性表演。其次，雜技藝人的身體與表演場域間互動關係，反映於社會結構之中，一方面體現雜技藝人的身體深受國家化和使命化的開展，無不以國家為導向；另一方面，李棠華因黨政關係良好且善於自我行銷，無形之中為自己為劇團爭取更多機會，迅速提升劇團知名度，立足於雜技表演界。雜技表演也因戰後特殊的歷史因緣，李棠華開創技藝訓練中心成為兩岸雜技發展史之先驅。

關鍵字

身體 ； 歷史 ； 認同 ； 李棠華技術團 ； 勞軍

並列摘要

Recently, quite a few of researchers have devoted their efforts in studying acrobatics in Taiwan. However, some areas still need to be further investigated, such as Tang-Hua Li's Acrobatics Group which is an unexplored but important field. Therefore, the aim of current study is to investigate the historical trajectory and meaning of the Tang-Hua Li's Acrobatics Group, and also to analyze the relationships between the acrobat's body and identity/stage/mater/apprentice. The data were collected through the methods of historical research and oral histories, including newspaper, magazine, official documents, memoir, biography, and the transcript of the tapes. The findings showed that the characteristics of the Group's performances included the following four stages: the performance for survivability in the period of the civil war between Kuomintang and Communist, the performance for troop-entertainment in the period of Kuomintang coming toTaiwan, the performance for diplomacy in the period of reviving the R.O.C. , and the performance for traditional inheritance in the period of enhancing the Chinese culture. Besides, the interactive relationship between the acrobat's body and performing field was reflected in the social structure. On the one hand, the sense of the national mission impacted on the embodied body of the acrobat deeply; on the other hand, the Group enhanced the fame and built the image because of the good relationship with the politic party and being good at self-promotion. The Acrobatics Training Center set by Tang-Hua Li became the pioneer of developing acrobatics in two sides across the Taiwan Strait after the distinctive historical context of post-war.

並列關鍵字

body ； history ； identity ； Tang-Hua Li's Acrobatics Group ； entertainingtroop