雙軸太陽能追日器系統設計

太陽能是取之不盡用之不竭的天然能源，如何降低設置成本與提高太陽能追日器系統的發電效率，一直是研究的重點。在不同的太陽光電技術中，高聚光型太陽光電系統（high concentrated photovoltaic，HCPV）搭配高功率的三五族太陽能電池，是降低太陽光電發電成本主要的方式之一，三五族太陽能電池吸收直射的太陽日照，目前其接收角平均落在0.3˚～0.8˚之間，因此需要以高精度的太陽能追日器，使其達到最佳發電效率。本文設計的太陽能追日器，為方位角與仰角雙軸運動方式，利用齒輪減速機構達到89.1倍的減速比，追日方式是以光感應器追蹤及太陽軌跡程式混合，並利用DC直流馬達來驅動齒輪組，以達成高精度控制的目的。運用Pro-E軟體進行機構設計，追日器可負重60 Kg的太陽電池模組；方位角轉動範圍達270˚、仰角轉動範圍則是0˚－85˚。追蹤器在戶外測試前，需用水平儀進行水平方向的定位，再利用指南針進行東南方的定位。利用高精度的角度測量器材Green Mount判讀偏差角度。實驗數據顯示，此太陽能追日器的平均追蹤偏差角小於0.2˚，最高偏差角也在0.4˚以內，符合原先設計的目標（精度小於0.5˚），因此本研究的主動式追日器，可搭配接受角為0.5˚的HCPV模組，對日後設計大型高精度的太陽能雙軸追日器有相當參考價值。

關鍵字

高聚光型太陽光電系統；雙軸追日器；方位角；仰角；光感應器

並列摘要

Solar energy is inexhaustible natural energy, how to reduce set-up costs and improve power generation efficiency of solar tracker system, has been the focus of the research. In different solar photovoltaic technology, the high concentrated photovoltaic system (HCPV) with a high-power III-V solar cells reduced the cost of photovoltaic power generation is one major method. The III-V solar cells absorb the direct solar, which receives the angular average between 0.3˚~0.8˚ and therefore requires high precision control of the solar tracker, to achieve the best power efficiency. This design of solar tracker system for azimuth and elevation axis movement pattern is used with gear reduction mechanism to achieve the reduction ratio of 89.1 times. The tracking way is the light sensor to track the trajectory of the program and solar hybrid, and uses DC motors to drive gear to achieve high accuracy control. Using Pro-E software for mechanical design with 60 Kg trackers can be solar modules; azimuth rotation range of 270˚, elevation rotation range is 0˚-85˚. Tracker outdoors before testing, required level meter for horizontal positioning, and then use a compass for the south-east orientation. The high precision angle measurement equipment uses the Green Mount interpretation deviation angle. Experimental data show that this solar tracker's average track deviation angle is less than 0.2˚, 0.4˚ maximum deviation angle is also less, in line with the original design goals (accuracy of less than 0.5˚), so this study active recovery day, which can be with the acceptance angle of 0.5˚ HCPV modules on the future design of large scale high precision solar tracker is a considerable reference value.

並列關鍵字

high concentrated photovoltaic ； dual-axis solar tracker ； azimuth ； elevation ； light sensor

國際替代計量

雙軸太陽能追日器系統設計

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