運動選手壓力與因應風格對團隊效能影響之研究

A Study on the Influence of Athlete's Stress and Coping Style on Team Effectiveness

李城忠(Cheng-Jong Lee) ； 賴景疆(Ying-Chiang Lai)

《運動事業管理學術研討會論文集》 8期 (2009/05) Pp. 1-20

https://doi.org/10.29464/YDSYGL.200905.0001

摘要

本研究在探討參與8人制拔河選手之特性及壓力與因應風格對團隊效能之影響，根據研究結果提出具體的建議，以供教練、教師及管理者日後管理與發展之參考。論文以曾參加全國比賽的中小學8人制拔河選手為樣本，共蒐集210份有效樣本，問卷包含壓力、因應風格、團隊效能及選手特性四部份，並將調查資料以獨立樣本t檢定、相關分析、單因子變異數分析及結構方程式等統計方法進行分析。經實證分析後，研究的結果顯示：壓力對團隊效能具有顯著負向影響，迴歸係數為-.316；因應風格對團隊效能具有顯著正向影響，迴歸係數為.659；壓力與因應風格具有顯著低度相關；壓力內部結構中個人壓力有最大影響，因應風格內部結構中妥協順應有最大影響，團隊效能內部結構中態度有最大影響。本研究重要的貢獻是提出運動選手壓力與因應風格對團隊效能影響模型，藉由提升選手因應風格來降低壓力對團隊效能的影響，建議教練、教師及管理者日後管理與發展上，強化選手抗壓性，降低壓力，提升選手因應風格，進而提高整體的團隊效能。

關鍵字

壓力 ； 因應風格 ； 團隊效能 ； 8人制拔河

並列摘要

This research discussed the influence of the features and stress of athletes participating in 8-person tug-of-wars and their coping style on team effectiveness, and provided suggestions to coaches, instructors and managers for future management and development based on the research result. This research took athletes with experience participating in 8-person tug-of-wars in national competitions as subjects. A total of 210 valid samples were collected. The content of the questionnaire included stress, coping style, team effectiveness and features of athletes. The data were analyzed by independent sample t-test, correlation analyses, One-way ANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Based on the empirical analysis, the results are as follows: stress has a significant negative influence on team effectiveness; coping style have a significant positive influence on team effectiveness; stress and coping style are highly relevant. In the aspect of stress, personal stress is the most influential factor; in the aspect of coping style, compromise is the most influential factor; in the aspect of team effectiveness, attitude is the most influential factor. One of the most important contributions of this research is proposing the model of the influence of athletes' stress and coping style on team effectiveness and providing advices to coaches, instructors and managers to strengthen athletes' ability of coping with stress, reduce their stress and promote athletes' coping style so they can further increase the entire team effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

stress ； coping style ； team effectiveness ； 8-person tug-of-war