民俗活動期間社區大氣懸浮微粒濃度變化－以嘉義縣朴子市為例

Temporal Changes in Atmospheric Concentration of Particulate Matter during the Festival Activities-A Case Study in Chiayi County

黃淑倫(Su-Lun Hwang) ； 陳玟諭(Wen-Yu Chen)

《大氣科學》 48卷2期 (2020/12) Pp. 142-172

https://doi.org/10.3966/025400022020124802001

摘要

民俗活動期間拜香、燃燒金紙與鞭炮，可能影響大氣懸浮微粒（particulate matters, PM）濃度。本研究探討民俗活動期間社區大氣PM濃度變化。以嘉義縣朴子市為研究地區，分析環保署空氣品質監測網（朴子測站）懸浮微粒濃度及氣象因子資料（氣溫、相對濕度、風速）。以描述性統計（平均值、中位數、四分位數與標準差）及單因子變異數分析了解「天上聖母聖誕」、「虎爺聖誕」活動期間社區大氣PM濃度及氣象資料變化趨勢。以廣義估計方程式（Generalized Estimating Equation, GEE），分析民俗活動時間及氣象因子對PM濃度的影響。結果顯示「天上聖母聖誕」與「虎爺聖誕」活動當日社區大氣PM_(2.5)（粒徑2.5微米以下）濃度最高分別為38.22μg/m^3與11.21μg/m^3；PM_(10)（粒徑10微米以下）濃度最高分別為86.52μg/m^3與42.38μg/m^3。民俗活動舉辦時間（月份）不同、大氣條件不同，影響社區大氣PM的因子可能有所差異。相對濕度對社區大氣PM濃度的影響較為明顯；風速則僅對PM_(10)有顯著影響。探討民俗活動期間社區大氣PM濃度變化應考量大氣條件的影響。研究成果可提供政府相關單位瞭解民俗活動期間社區大氣PM濃度變化並重視氣象因子的影響，教育民眾參與民俗活動應做好個人健康管理。

關鍵字

懸浮微粒 ； 民俗活動 ； 氣象因子

並列摘要

Burning incense, joss paper and firecrackers during the festival activities could affect the atmospheric concentrations of particular matters (PM). This study was to investigate the temporal changes in atmospheric PM level during the period of festival activities in Puzi, Chiayi County. Hourly concentrations of PM and meteorological variables [temperature, relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS)] were obtained from the Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network. Descriptive statistics (mean, median, quartile and standard deviation) and one-way ANOVA were applied to investigate the effects of festival activities [Tianshang shengmu (天上聖母聖誕), Hu Ye (虎爺聖誕)] on the atmospheric concentrations of PM in the community. The Generalized Estimating Equation was applied to analyze the effects of the different period of religious activities and meteorological variables on the atmospheric concentrations of PM. The highest level of PM_(2.5) (particles with an aerodynamic size of ≤ 2.5 μm) was 38.22 (Tianshang shengmu) and 11.21 μg/m^3 (Hu Ye) on the day of activities, respectively; moreover, the highest level of PM_(10) (particles with an aerodynamic size of ≤ 10 μm) was 86.52 and 42.38 μg/m^3 on the day of activities, respectively. The different time on festival activity and climatic conditions could have different effects on the PM levels in the community. RH had significant effects on the PM levels in the community in both festival activities; however, WS only had significant effects on the PM_(10) levels. Exploring the effects of festival activities on the atmospheric concentrations of PM, it should be better to consider the climatic conditions. The information provided by this study may be helpful to better understand the effects of festival activities on the PM in the community and play value on the effects of meteorological variables for the government-related units; moreover, to educate the public should make personal health management when take part in the festival activities.

並列關鍵字

particular matter ； festival activities ； meteorological variables