播種期對臺灣北部地區大豆生育及產量之影響

Effects of Planting Date on Growth and Yield of Soybean in Northern Taiwan

林禎祥(Chen-Hsiang Lin) ； 楊采文(Tsai-Wen Yang) ； 林孟輝(Meng-Huei Lin)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 85期 (2019/06) Pp. 1-14

摘要

基於活化休耕農地及糧食安全需求，北部地區大豆栽培面積逐年增加，但栽培適期尚待研究。本研究以大豆品種花蓮1號、花蓮2號、高雄選10號、臺南3號及臺南5號為材料，進行秋作不同栽培期試驗以評估對植株生育及產量之影響，進而確定最適播種期，供農民栽培參考。試驗結果顯示，隨播種期延後，生育日數縮短，植株高度、始莢高度、主莖節數、分枝數、單株粒重、百粒重及產量亦隨之下降，可能原因為晚播大豆營養生長及生殖生長期縮短，導致供源及積儲能力降低，進而影響產量表現。因此，為獲取最佳的產量表現，秋作大豆播種宜早，建議應於7月下旬完成播種，最遲則應於8月中旬前完成較為適宜，栽培品種可選擇花蓮1號、花蓮2號及高雄選10號，具有高產潛力。

關鍵字

溫度 ； 日長 ； 生育日數 ； 栽培適期

並列摘要

For the rehabilitation of fallow land and security of food demand, the soybean cultivation area has been increased year by year. Therefore, the suitable planting date needed to be established in Northern Taiwan. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the growth and yield of the different planting dates in fall for soybean varieties 'Hualien No.1', 'Hualien No.2', 'Kaohsiung Sel. No.10', 'Tainan No.3' and 'Tainan No.5'. The results showed that the growth duration was shortened, and the plant height, the height for the first pod, the number of node on the main stem, the number of branch, the seed weight per plant, the weight per 100 seeds and the yield was decreased when planting date was delayed. The main reason was the shortening of vegetative and reproductive period might reduce the source-sink capacity. Therefore, the proper time of planting soybean in fall was suggested in late July and must be completed before mid-August. The results indicated that 'Hualien No.1', 'Hualien No.2' and 'Kaohsiung Sel. No.10' which has been high yield potential were suitable for cultivation in the Northern Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Temperature ； Day Length ； Growth Date ； Cultivation Period