大、小油菜與野生近緣種薺菜、蔊菜及葶藶之基因流動風險評估

The Risk of Vertical Gene Flow between Brassica rapa L. and Their Wild Relatives: Capsella bursa-pastori (L.) Medic, Cardamine flexuosa With. and Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern

沈雅鈞(Shen Ya Jyun)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 85期 (2019/06) Pp. 29-46

摘要

本研究為進行基因改造油菜發生垂直基因流動之可能性，將大油菜（Brassica napus L.）品種臺中特1號、小油菜（Brassica rapa L.）地方收集品系農興80天、農興90天分別和十字花科（Brassicaceae）近緣野生物種進行人工雜交試驗，選擇臺灣地區常見野生雜草，如薺菜（Capsella bursa-pastoris（L.）Medic）、蔊菜（Cardamine flexuosa With.）、葶藶（Rorippa indica（L.）Hiern）等作為評估對象，試驗結果發現雜交的可能性皆小於0.67%（1/150）。進一步進行模擬田間栽培試驗，將農興80天與薺菜栽培於同一環境下開放自然授粉，試驗結果發現兩者自然授粉率小於0.5%（1/200）。推論雖物種間具有自然生殖隔離現象，亦不排除發生雜交的可能性，但根據試驗結果，認為大、小油菜與近緣野生物種薺菜、蔊菜及葶藶自然雜交發生垂直基因流動的可能性偏低，若要有效進行基因改造油菜之管理，相關管控方式和流程仍必須建立。本研究提供基因改造油菜發生垂直基因流動評估與大、小油菜雜交近緣野生物種之相關資訊。

關鍵字

十字花科 ； 基因改造 ； 共存 ； 花粉飄散 ； 屬間雜交

並列摘要

This study is to investigate the possibility of vertical gene flow in genetically modified canola. Brassica napus L. variety Taichung No. 1, local collected lines of B rassica rapa L. including Nongxing 80 days, Nongxing 90 days were used to hybridize with cruciferous wild relatives, respectively. The cruciferous wild relatives are common wild weeds in Taiwan, such as Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic, Cardamine flexuosa With., and Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern, being selected as evaluation targets in this study. The result showed that the hybridization rate was less than 0.67% (1/150) in all cases. Furthermore, we carried out the field study for growing Nongxing 80 days and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic together, in order to simulate an environment for their natural hybridization. The results showed that the natural hybridization rate was less than 0.5% (1/200). Therefore, reproductive isolation indeed occurs between species, but the hybridization between them could also happen. According to the results in this experiment, vertical gene flow barely occurd between canala and the wild relatives of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic, Cardamine flexuosa With., and Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern. However, the management methods and processes must be established for effectively controlling the genetically modified canola. In summary, this study provides information on the vertical gene flow of genetically modified canola and intergeneric crosses between canola and their wild relatives.

並列關鍵字

Brassicaceae ； genetically modified ； co-existence ； pollen dispersal ； intergeneric cross