抒情的政治、理論與傳統：重探一個台灣文學的批判論述

The Politics and Theory of the Lyrical Tradition in Taiwanese Literature: A Critical Reflection and Reconfiguration

鍾秩維(Chih-wei Chung)

《中外文學》 48卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 169-226

https://doi.org/10.6637/CWLQ.201906_48(2).0005

摘要

晚近不論在中文或英語世界，古老的文類「抒情詩」（lyric）都重新引起學界的注意，學者如卡勒、王德威與陳國球等各自從文類或觀念的角度分進合擊，重新界定東西方文學史上之「抒情的傳統」。這些理論家對抒情詩的考慮著重的不再只是特定的文體風格，而更及於「抒情」（the lyrical）作為一般性批判術語可能暗示的理論意涵。簡言之，當代有志於新探「何為抒情」的學者，目前正朝背離模擬與再現的方向設定其之思考的議程。本文是一個將這些討論與台灣既有的抒情論述進行銜接的嘗試，而向來與弗雷德曼的「抒情小說」及陳世驤「中國文學的抒情傳統」密切對話的台灣現代派成員其之看法、乃至實踐，將是本文所要聚焦討論的重點。內文分成「抒情的政治」、「抒情的理論」和「抒情的傳統」三個部分，將依序處理抒情言說的公共性、抒情理論展開的軌跡，以及抒情傳統之形構的歷史座標。本文期望指出，在台灣文學與文化圈盛行的抒情論述根本上是一次華語語系闡連的結果，而更重要的是，它體現在本地獨一的處境性之中。最後，透過對於這種處境性的檢視與反思，「台灣」作為一個共同體的可能想像亦開啟了不同的層次和面向。

關鍵字

台灣現代派小說 ； 中國文學的抒情傳統 ； 華語語系闡連 ； 抒情理論 ； 模擬

並列摘要

In recent years, ＂lyric poetry＂ is gaining more traction in both North American and Chinese academic communities. Critics such as Johnathan Culler, David Der-wei Wang and Leonard Kwok-kou Chan all attempt not merely to revitalize the studies on the lyric, but also redefine the ＂lyrical tradition.＂ According to these critics, ＂the lyrical＂ demonstrates the theoretical potentialities to counter the effects of mimesis and even overthrow the concept of representation. Therefore, the lyric can be taken as a reference point to explore ＂the lyrical＂ not simply as a genre but also as a vein of critical theory. This paper will engage with current scholarships on the lyrical via a juxtaposition and discussion of Taiwanese lyrical discourses. Particularly, this paper will focus on the Taiwanese Modernists inspired by Raphael Freedman's ＂lyrical novel＂ and Chen Shih-shiang's ＂lyrical tradition＂ in Chinese literature. This paper is composed of three sections: ＂the lyrical as politics,＂ ＂the lyrical theories＂ and ＂the lyrical tradition.＂ Together they will elucidate the interconnectedness among the lyrical, society and history. Finally, this paper seeks to propose that the Taiwanese lyrical discourse, which is an articulation attached to Taiwan's singular situated-ness, is in essence a Sinophone lyrical enunciation. Through an investigation on this situated-ness, this paper attempts to reconsider the idea of ＂Taiwan＂ as an imaginary community.

並列關鍵字

Taiwanese Modernist fiction ； the lyrical tradition of Chinese literature ； Sinophone articulation ； lyrical theories ； mimesis

參考文獻

陳國球（Chan, Leonard Kwok-kou）。2008。〈「抒情傳統論」以前：陳世驤早期文學論初探〉“Shu qing chuan tong lun yi qian: Chen shi xiang zao qi wen xue lun chu tan” [Before “Lyrical Tradition” Is Conceptualized: A Study of Chen Shih-hsiang's Early Literary Criticism]。《淡江中文學報》Tamkang Journal of Chinese Literature 18: 225-51。

陳國球（Chan, Leonard Kwok-kou）。2007。〈如何瞭解「漢學家」：以普實克為例〉“Ru he liao jie han xue jia: Yi pu shi ke wei li” [How to Understand “Sinologist”: An Example of Průšek]。《中國文哲通訊》Newsletter of the Institute of Chinese Literature and Philosophy 17.4: 105-09。

陳春燕（Chen, Chun-yen）。2016。〈文字、影像、媒介：淡水河畔的玻璃詩〉 “Wen zi, ying xiang, mei jie: Dan shui he pan de bo li shi” [Word, Image, Medium: The Glass Poetry of an Independent Bookstore]。《中外文學》Chung Wai Literary Quarterly 45.4: 171-203。

王德威（Wang, David Der-wei）。2011。《現代抒情傳統四論》Xian dai shu qing chuan tong si lun [Four Essays on the Modern Lyrical Tradition]。台北：台大出版中心 [Taipei: NTU Press]。

柯慶明（Ko, Ching-ming）。2009。序 Xu [Preface]。《中國抒情傳統的再發現：一個現代學術思潮的論文集（上）》Zhong guo shu qing chan tong de zai fa xian: Yi ge xian dai xue shu si chao de lun wen ji (shan) [The Rediscovery of Chinese Lyrical Tradition: Essays on a Modern Academic Trend, Vol.1]。編：柯慶明、蕭馳 [Ed. Ching-ming Ko and Chi Xiao]。台北：台大出版中心 [Taipei: NTU Press]。1-6。