馴獸：馬內的貓圖與自然史

愛德華．馬內以第二帝國時期巴黎的都會人物題材著稱，但他的動物畫質量亦相當可觀，目前流傳最廣的是為襄富樂希的《貓族》所作的兩幅圖繪。馬內經常描繪馴貓的各種姿勢與周遭配置差異，在1880年前後他畫了大約三十件貓習作，並納入東亞水墨技法。本文探索襄富樂希關於貓的智能的論述，以及馬內如何刻劃貓的活動和姿態，並對照相應圖像與自然史論述，藉此說明馬內的貓圖開拓動物畫的新視角，並突破既定的藝術類別界線。

關鍵字

馬內；步豐；襄富樂希；密煦烈；貓；自然史

並列摘要

Edouard Manet, best known for his figure painting of Parisian life under the French Second Empire, also produced a number of animal paintings and studies. Among them, the two illustrations for the realist writer Champfleury's Les chats have been the most frequently exhibited to date. Manet depicted various significant gestures of cats and their surroundings. Around 1880, he painted about thirty cat studies and also integrated techniques from East Asian ink painting. This essay explores how Champfleury argued about feline intelligence, how Manet depicted cats' activities and gestures, and how his cat pictures relate to naturalist descriptions and imagery. The author contends that Manet's cat pictures expand the scope of animal subject matter and thereby cross over conventional boundaries of artistic categories.

並列關鍵字

Manet ； Buffon ； Champfleury ； Michelet ； cat ； natural history

參考文獻

Clason, Christopher R. 1992. “The Vignettes in E. T. A. Hoffmann's ‘Kater Murr': Portraits of Artists and Lovers.” German Studies Review 15.3: 493-503.

Collins, Bradford R. 1978-79. “Manet's Luncheon in the Studio: An Homage to Baudelaire.” Art Journal 38.2: 107-13.

Impey, Oliver. 1984. “Japanese Export Art of the Edo Period and Its Influence on European Art.” Modern Asian Studies 18.4: 685-97.

Jakobson, Roman, and Claude Lévi-Strauss. 1962. “‘Les chats' de Charles Baudelaire.” L'Homme 2.1: 5-21.

Mortillet, Adrien de. 1893. “Chat sans queue de l'Ile de Man.” Bulletin de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris 4.4: 8-13.

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馴獸：馬內的貓圖與自然史

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