共生與批判：一個分子女性主義的探討

Symbiosis and Critique: A Molecular Feminist Exploration

張君玫(Chun-Mei Chuang)

《中外文學》 50卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 17-54

https://doi.org/10.6637/CWLQ.202109_50(3).0003

摘要

隨著當代科技科學的分子轉向，奈米實在界的浮現，以及物質、能量、資訊和生命的動態流動，促使傳統人文主義及人類中心的世界觀產生徹底的轉變。界線的滲透、橫跨與重構，以及複雜系統的非線性反饋迴圈，都逐漸讓人類可問責性的概念越來越複雜。本文從分子女性主義的視角去參與相關的論述場域。首先，我彰顯人類世和病毒世的內爆，藉此提出一個跨物種繞射的體現視角主義。其次，我討論哈洛威的做親族政治，及其對馬古利斯的共生發源論的詮釋。第三，我檢視帕里西的微型女性主義政治，及其對馬古利斯的內共生理論的闡述。最後，援引相關研究，我將從有機體延伸組織的角度來勾勒異質共生的生命圖像，並探討複雜生命連結的微型界線政治。

關鍵字

人類世 ； 病毒世 ； 體現視角主義 ； 跨物種繞射 ； 分子女性主義

並列摘要

With the molecular turn in contemporary technosciences, the emergence of nano-reality and the dynamic flows of matter, energy, information, and life have resulted in a radical transformation of the traditional humanist and anthropocentric worldview. The breach, transversal, and reconstitution of boundaries as well as the non-linear feedback loops of complex systems increasingly complicate the notion of human accountability. This paper engages in such a discursive field from a molecular feminist perspective. First, I foreground the implosion of the Anthropocene and the Virocene, and thereby propose an embodied perspectivism of trans-species diffraction. Second, I discuss Donna Haraway's politics of making kins with her interpretation of Lynn Margulis's symbiogenesis. Third, I examine Luciana Parisi's microfeminist politics with regard to her articulation of Margulis's endosymbiosis. Last, drawing on relevant studies, I outline a living imagery of heterogeneous symbiosis from the perspective of organisms' extended organization and explore the micropolitics of boundaries in complex life connectivities.

並列關鍵字

Anthropocene ； Virocene ； embodied perspectivism ； trans-species diffraction ； molecular feminism

參考文獻

張君玫（Chuang, Chun-Mei）。2020a。〈人類世中的女性主義：立足點、地方與實踐〉 “Renleishi zhong de nuxing zhuyi: Lizudian, difang yu shijian ” [Feminism in the Anthropocene: Standpoints, Places and Practices]。《中外文學》Chung Wai Literary Quarterly 49.1: 13-60。

Aanen, Duur K, and Paul Eggleton. 2017. “Symbiogenesis: Beyond the Endosymbiosis Theory?” Journal of Theoretical Biology 434: 99-103.

Arneth, Borros. 2021. “Leftovers of Viruses in Human Physiology.” Brain Structure & Function 226: 1649-58.

Baedke, Jan, et al. 2020. “The Holobiont Concept Before Margulis.” Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution 334.3: 149-55.

Bailly, Francis, and Giuseppe Longo. 2009. “Biological Organization and Anti-enthropy.” Journal of Biological Systems 17.1: 63-96.