悲情身體，治療時間：從台語片贖回視覺障礙歷史

The Bodies of Sadness in the Curative Time: Visual Disabilities in Taiyupian

紀大偉(Ta-wei Chi)

《中外文學》 51卷2期 (2022/06) Pp. 59-96

https://doi.org/10.6637/CWLQ.202206_51(2).0003

摘要

本文企圖連結台語片研究和身心障礙研究兩個領域，一方面提倡障礙研究者在台語片寶庫挖掘本土障礙者的歷史身影，另一方面建議台灣文史研究者採用障礙研究的洞見來增厚論述空間。本文爬梳《王哥柳哥遊台灣》、《鴉片戰爭》、《台北發的早班車》、《難忘的車站》、《康丁遊台北》這五部1950年代、1960年代的黑白電影，觀察其中視覺障礙角色對於人生未來的想像。本文發現，這些盲人角色受制於筆者提出的「悲情身體」狀態，被「正規時間」框架排斥，轉而擁抱美國障礙研究學者提出的「治療時間」願景。本文指出，歌頌醫療奇蹟的「治療時間」框架雖然誘人，卻難免同時強化「身心健全主義」和資本主義的僵化價值，反而窄化身心障礙者的多元生命可能性。

關鍵字

台語片 ； 障礙研究 ； 悲情 ； 台灣電影 ； 海倫．凱勒

並列摘要

This article attempts to connect the field of ＂Taiyupian＂ (Taiwanese-language cinema) studies with that of disability studies. On the one hand, it suggests that disability studies can scavenge the histories of the local disabilities in Taiyupian. On the other hand, it urges that scholars in Taiyupian studies to expand their scope with the inspirations from disability studies. By focusing on five samples of Taiyupian from the 1950s and the 1960s, it finds that the blind characters, frustrated by what the article names as ＂the bodies of sadness,＂ are so expelled by ＂the normative time＂ as defined in disability studies that they turn to embrace ＂the curative time,＂ a seductive but restrictive option that valorizes ableism to the detriment of diverse life possibilities and is eventually complicit with predatory capitalism.

並列關鍵字

Taiyupian ； disability studies ； sadness ； Taiwanese film ； Helen Keller

參考文獻

紀大偉（Chi, Ta-Wei）。〈情感的輔具：弱勢，勵志，身心障礙敘事〉“Qinggan de fuju: Ruoshi, lizhi, shenxin zhangai xushi” [Affect as Prosthesis: Minority, “Inspirational Literature,” and the Disability Narrative]。《文化研究》Wenhua yanjiu [Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies] 15 (2012): 87-116。[http://dx.doi.org/10.6752/JCS.201209_(15).0004]

邱大昕（Chiu, Ta-Sing）。〈為什麼需要女性主義身心障礙研究？〉“Wei shen me xuyao nüxing zhuyi shen xin zhangai yanjiu?” [Why Is Feminist Disability Research Needed?]。《婦研縱橫》Fuyan zongheng [Forum in Women’s and Gender Studies] 96 (2012): 16-24。[http://dx.doi.org/10.6256/FWGS.2012.96.16]

邱大昕（Chiu, Ta-Sing）。〈為什麼馬殺雞？視障按摩歷史的行動網絡分析〉“Wei shen me mashaji? Shizhang anmo lishi de xingdong wangluo fenxi” [Why Massage? An Actor-Network Analysis of the History of Massage by the Visually-Impaired in Taiwan]。《台灣社會研究季刊》Taiwan shehui yanjiu jikan [Taiwan: A Radical Quarterly in Social Studies] 83 (2011): 5-36。[http://dx.doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.201108.0002]

陳美霞（Chen, Meei-Shia）。〈台灣公共衛生體系市場化與醫療化的歷史發展分析〉“Taiwan gonggong weisheng tixi shichanghua yu yiliaohua di lishi fazhan” [The Analysis of the Historical Development of Marketization and Medicalization of the National Public Health System in Taiwan]。《台灣社會研究季刊》Taiwan shehui yanjiu jikan [Taiwan: A Radical Quarterly in Social Studies] 81 (2011): 3-78。[http://dx.doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.201103.0001]

Diedrich, Lisa. “Breaking Down: A Phenomenology of Disability.” Literature and Medicine 20.2 (2001): 209-30. [https://doi.org/10.1353/lm.2001.0019]