夾竹桃紅顏料對瓜實蠅Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett)（雙翅目：果實蠅科）之毒效評估

Evaluation on the Toxic Effects of Phloxine B to the Melon Fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

董耀仁(Yaw-Jen Dong) ； 陳健忠(Chien-Chung Chen)

《中華農業研究》 53卷4期 (2004/12) Pp. 239-248

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200412.0003

摘要

將不同濃度之夾竹桃紅顏料(Phloxine B)加入成蟲飼料（酵母抽出物：糖＝1:3）中供瓜實蠅取食後測試其對瓜實蠅之毒效。試驗結果Phloxine毒效隨著濃度和光照強度的提高而增加。瓜實蠅於黑暗中取食含有Phloxine B飼料4小時後換成正常飼料，只有照光才會死亡。1%濃度以上處理組於光照4小時內，雌雄蠅死亡率均達100%。各處理組之死亡率於開始光照後24小時內發生，超過24小時不會再有瓜實蠅死亡。於黑暗環境下，瓜實蠅需連續取食含有Phloxine B飼料至少2天以上才會死亡。2%及4%處理組，分別於連續取食含Phloxine B飼料5及4天後，雌雄蠅均達100%死亡率。取食含有Phloxine B飼料的瓜實蠅雌蟲會降低產卵量，且過高的濃度會降低瓜實蠅的取食量。

關鍵字

果實蠅 ； 二苯并吡喃顏料 ； 毒餌 ； 生殖力 ； 害蟲防治

並列摘要

Various concentrations of Phloxine B were added into the artificial diets (yeast: sugar=1: 3) and fed to adult melon flies, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), to determine the toxic effects of Phloxine B to the flies. Tests were carried out in the dark as well as under the photoperiod of 12: 12 (L: D) hr with different intensity of lights to evaluate the influence of light and its intensity on Phloxine B toxicity. Phloxine B elicited toxicity to melon flies and the toxic effects increased with Phloxine B concentration and light intensity. For a short period of feeding (e.g., 4 hr), Phloxine B could cause fly deaths with the light. The concentrations of 1% or higher caused 100% mortality in the flies of both sexes within 4 hr. The Phloxine B-induced mortality in all concentrations occurred within 24 hr and did not increase further thereafter. Without the light, Phloxine B caused death in the flies only with a longer period of feeding (2 days or higher). The 100% mortality were obtained for the flies fed continuously in the dark with 2% and 4% Phloxine B for 5 day and 4 day, respectively. In addition, Phloxine B diets inhibited egg production and at high concentrations impeded feeding as well in melon flies.

並列關鍵字

Fruit flies ； Xanthene dye ； Poisoned bait ； Fecundity ； Pest control