耐燃藥劑雙重擴散處理對木材抑焰性之改善效應

Improving Efficiency of Flame Inhibition on Fire Retardants Double-Diffused Wood

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hwa Wang)

《中華林學季刊》 37卷3期 (2004/09) Pp. 325-339

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200409.0008

摘要

本研究之目的在探討磷酸氫二銨與十三種無機鹽飽和溶液進行「雙重擴散」處理後，試材之藥劑重量增加率，並以氧氣指數試驗法評估處理材之抑焰性改善效應，以篩選最佳藥劑組合。
氧氣指數試驗適合用於評估藥劑處理材之抑焰性效應，並可作為藥劑選擇之參考。經耐燃藥劑雙重擴散處理之試材抑焰性效應獲得改善，其影響因子為藥劑種類、試材種類及藥劑重量增加率。
本研究三種試材之藥劑重量增加率以溶解紙漿板最大，放射松次之，紅柳桉更次之，惟後兩者無顯著差異。第一液（磷酸氫二銨）藥劑濃度40%與第二液反應後，部份試材表面出現結晶或粉狀藥劑沉積之現象。
除放射松以10%磷酸氫二銨為第一液，四硼酸鈉及硼酸鋅兩者為第二液處理者外，其餘各種處理試材之氧氣指數均在27以上，屬於耐燃級。
溶解紙漿板以磷酸氫二銨－氯化鋇雙重擴散處理者抑焰性效應改善最佳；紅柳桉以磷酸氫二銨－硼酸及磷酸氫二銨－氧化硼兩者處理後改善最佳；而放射松則以磷酸氫二銨－氯化鋇及磷酸氫二銨－氯化鋅處理之效果最好。

關鍵字

氧氣指數 ； 耐燃藥劑 ； 雙重擴散 ； 抑焰性改善效應

並列摘要

The weight percentage gains of the double diffusion treated wood specimens were examined after soaking in diammonium phosphate (DAP) followed by thirteen saturated inorganic salt solution. Oxygen Index (OI) method was applied to evaluate the improving efficiency of flame inhibition (IEFI) on the processed specimens to screen out the better found combinations of fire retardants.
Oxygen index method was found suitable for the evaluation of processed specimens, and was thus adopted as a standard for the assessment of fire retardant efficiency of various chemicals. The double-diffused specimens were proved to possess better flame inhibition chemicals weight percentage gains, and wood species type of chemicals were found to be the key factors that affected? efficiency of specimens flame inhibition.
Dissolving pulp sheet showed the greatest x eight percentage gains, followed by radiata pine and red lauan respectively. The latter two didn't show statistically meaningful difference, though. Complex salts derived from the reaction of the double diffused reagents were deposited on the solution specimen?s surface when treated with 40% DAP?s followed by concentration and the second soln.
The Ols of all treated radiate pine specimens were found greater than 27, except those soaked with 10% DAP and sodium tetraborate as well as sine borate as the following solutions. These treated specimens were grouped into fire retardant grade.
The best improving efficiency of flame inhibition was shown the diammonium phosphate and barium chloride in dissolving pulp sheet treated with boric acid and boron oxide, as the second solution, gave for red lauan the best flame inhibition improving efficiency diammonium phosphate. Those for radiate pine are barium chloride and zinc chloride respectively.

並列關鍵字

Oxygen index ； Fire retardant Double diffusion ； Improving efficiency of flame inhibition