載體樹脂及配方對膨脹型防火塗料之性能效應

如何有效利用不同的塗料來提升木質材料的防火效能，是目前提升室內居住安全的主要方向。本研究利用不同載體樹脂爲原料所製成的膨脹型防火塗料，塗布於4mm薄合板上進行CNS 6532表面燃燒試驗及塗膜發熱量試驗，探討不同載體樹脂及其配方對合板塗布後之耐燃性能影響。試驗結果顯示，在同一的塗佈量之下變化不同種類的載體樹脂，載體樹脂和碳源劑間的最佳關係均爲15/35。四種載體樹脂的比較以含有苯乙烯單體的其耐燃效果最差，水性壓克力樹脂次之，最佳的爲乙烯醋酸乙烯樹脂和醋酸乙烯壓克力共聚合樹脂。乙烯醋酸乙烯樹脂和醋酸乙烯壓克力共聚合樹脂兩者因皆含有醋酸乙烯的成分，此兩組的耐燃效果亦爲最佳。試驗結果中發熱量(tdθ)隨異戊四醇的添加比例增加而呈減少的趨勢。因此光靠載體樹脂是無法形成足夠的炭化層來阻燃，而必須添加另外的碳源劑。本研究並以彈氧熱卡計進行標準燃燒熱之測量，發現減少容易發出熱量的高分子單體或改變使用劑量做爲防火塗料可以有效的降低塗膜本身的燃燒熱，亦可提升塗布後薄合板之耐燃性能。

關鍵字

膨脹型防火塗料；表面試驗；載體樹脂；碳源劑；發熱量

並列摘要

As the major measure to improve residential fire safety, application of different intumescent fire retardant paints to enhance fire performance of wooden materials for interior uses. To investigate effects of resin binder and formulation on plywood fire performances, intumescent fire retardant paints using various resin binders were applied on 4 mm thickness thin plywood with intumescent fire retardant paints. Fire performance of painted plywood and heat release of paint layers were subsequently evaluated by CNS 6532 surface test and oxygen bomb calorimeter. With identical amount applied, the optimum formulation for resin binder and carbon sources was at the ratio of 15 to 35. For four resin binders studied, the resin with the optimum fire performance was ethyl vinyl acetate and acrylic vinyl acetate copolymer, followed by waterborne acrylics. The presence of acetate monomer rendered better fire performance of paint layer. Heat release values by CNS 6532 decreases with increasing pentaerythritol content. It was demonstrated that formation of heat sheltering carbonization layer was synergistic amid carbon source and resin binder. Analyzing heat of combustion of paint layers measured by oxygen bomb calorimeter revealed that using monomers with lower heat content or optimizing formation for intumescent fire retardant paints can effectively reduce heat of combustion of paint layers and fire performance of painted plywood.

並列關鍵字

Carbon source ； Heat release ； Intumescent fire retardant paints ； Resin binder ； Surface tests

國際替代計量

載體樹脂及配方對膨脹型防火塗料之性能效應

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