社交計量及同儕知覺受歡迎度與青少年關係攻擊及孤寂感之相關研究

Sociometric and Perceived Popularity in Adolescence: Links to Relational Aggression and Loneliness

程景琳(Ching-Ling Cheng)

《教育心理學報》 42卷1期 (2010/09) Pp. 143-162

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.20100323.2

摘要

本研究旨在探討「社交計量受歡迎度」與「同儕知覺受歡迎度」對於青少年社會心理適應之預測狀況。研究參與者爲864位來自二所國中共28個班級的八年級學生（男、女生各半，平均年齡爲14.01歲）。本研究以同儕提名問卷的方式測量社交計量受歡迎度、同儕知覺受歡迎度、與關係攻擊行爲，以自陳的量表測量心理孤寂感。結果發現，「社交計量受歡迎度」和「同儕知覺受歡迎度」確爲二種不同的社交地位構念。二種類型的受歡迎度都能負向預測青少年的心理孤寂感，且社交計量受歡迎度與關係攻擊行爲間有負相關，但同儕知覺受歡迎度與關係攻擊行爲則有正相關；反映出二種受歡迎度對於行爲適應問題有不同的預測。對青少女而言，因不受同儕喜愛所引發的關係攻擊傾向，較男生來得強。社交計量受歡迎度與同儕知覺受歡迎度的交互作用，對於關係攻擊與孤寂感的預測都有顯著影響。

關鍵字

同儕知覺受歡迎度 ； 社交計量受歡迎度 ； 青少年 ； 孤寂感 ； 關係攻擊

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which the two types of popularity (i.e. sociometric and peer-perceived) respectively predict psychosocial adjustment outcomes (i.e. relational aggression and loneliness) of Taiwanese adolescents. Participants were 864 eighth-graders (50% boys and 50% girls; the mean age is 14.01) from 28 classes of two public schools. The study used peer nomination questionnaire to measure ”sociometric popularity”, ”peer-perceived popularity”, and ”relational aggression”, and a self-report scale to measure ”loneliness”. The results show that sociometric and peer-perceived popularity are two distinct constructs. Both popularity types negatively correlate with loneliness. Sociometric popularity negatively correlates with relational aggression, while peer-perceived popularity positively correlates with relational aggression. Lower level of sociometric popularity predicts stronger relational aggression for girls than for boys. Interactions between sociometric and peer-perceived popularity were found to be predictive of both relational aggression and loneliness.

並列關鍵字

adolescents ； loneliness ； perceived popularity ； relational aggression ； sociometric popularity

參考文獻

Cheng, C. L.(2009).No blood means less harm? Relational aggression and peer rejection in adolescence.Bulletin of Educational Psychology.40(3),511-528.

Cheng, C. L. (2008). Relational aggression questionnaire-peer nomination. Unpublished instrument, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan

Allen, J. P.,Weissberg, R. P.,Hawkins, J. A.(1989).The relations between values and social competence in early adolescence.Developmental Psychology.25(3),458-464.

Asher, S. R.,Wheeler, V. A.(1985).Children's Loneliness: A comparison of rejected and neglected peer status.Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology.53,500-505.

Becker, B. E.,Luthar, S. S.(2007).Peer-perceived admiration and social preference: Contextual correlates of positive peer regard among suburban and urban adolescents.Journal of Research on Adolescence.17(1),117-144.