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母乳中所含細胞增殖因子與IgA、IgG免疫球蛋白的研究

The Study of Immunoglobulin A, G and Cellular Growth Factors Contained in Human Breast Milk

摘要


母乳是嬰幼兒唯一最佳的食物及營養來源,尤其剛出生嬰兒體內的免疫及防禦能力亦只有靠母乳來獲得,除此之外有許多未知存在母乳內的細胞增殖因子如:上皮生長因子(epidermal growth factor, EGF)、轉移生長因子-β(transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β)、介白質-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)、纖維網狀蛋白(fibronectin, FN)、免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A, IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G, IgG)等免疫相關的微量蛋白質類,均是在發育、代謝及免疫能力獲得上不可缺一之成分。本研究是利用生產後一~二個月內的產婦所分泌的乳汁經離心後之脫脂母乳為檢體,並與配方乳做比較。結果顯示脫脂母乳中所含總蛋白含量為:初乳2.2 ± 0.4 g/dL,一個月後1.3 ± 0.3 g/dL,二個月後1.7 ± 0.2 g/dL,配方乳2.0 ± 0.5 g/dL;EGF含有量也以初乳含量最高(4.5 ± 1.3 μg/dL),但其含量在一~二個月內呈一定的分泌量。IL-6值亦是初乳比一~二個月的母乳高(初乳27pg/mL,一個月24pg/mL,二個月16pg/mL)。FN的含有量則較平均,約在2.0~3.0mg/dL左右。LgA則以初乳為最多(150 ± 80 mg/g protein),之後依分泌月數呈降低的趨勢。LgG是以初乳較少(0.8 ± 0.7 mg/g protein),之後隨分泌月數的增加而增加含量。配方乳則不含有上述成分。此結果充分顯示出母乳中所含有的上述物,對剛出生嬰兒腸胃細胞的形成及對營養素吸收功能的發揮上,均優於配方奶粉。

並列摘要


As is well know, human breast milk feeding is the best way of nourishing newborn infants, especially given the protection and immunologic function resulting from breast feeding at the early stage of newborn infants, However, human milk not only includes essential nutrients but also contains various substances, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), interleukin-6(IL-6), fibronectin(FN), immunoglobulin A(IgA), and immunoglobulin G(IgG)etc. These important functional substances are related to the development of immunity in the infant stage. In this study, milk samples were collected at 1 week, 1, and 2 months after delivery from healthy mothers, defatted by centrifugation, and subjected to various analysis, and data were compared with those of infant formula milk. Results show that the concentration of total protein was 2.2 ± 0.4 g/dL in the colostrums, 1.3 ± 0.3 g/dL in the 1-month sample, 1.7 ± 0.2 g/dL in the 2-month defatted breast milk sample, and 2.0 ± 0.5 g/dL for infant formula milk. EGF was higher in the colostrums than in 1- or 2-month human milk by 4.5 ± 1.3 μg/dL; the concentration of IL-6 was also found to be especially higher in the colostrums than in the 1- or 2-month samples (colostrums, 27 pg/mL; 1-month, 24 pg/mL;2-month, 16pg/mL). The concentration of FN in human milk was 2.0~3.0 mg/dL. The IgA concentration was significantly higher in the colostrums (150 ± 80 mg/g protein), and there was a decreased secretion of IgA in human milk after that time. IgG concentrations increased in the 1- and 2-month human milk. These substances were not found in infant formula milk. These results strongly support human milk being much better than infant formula milk for the gastrointestinal function and the absorption of nutrients during the early neonatal period.

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