第2型糖尿病人甜味感受度及與血糖、荷爾蒙之相關性

Sensory Perception of Sweet Taste in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlations with Glycemia and Hormones

黃雋(Jyun Huang) ； 黃盈真(Ying-Chen Huang) ； 翁瑄甫(Shuen-Fu Weng) ； 林士祥(Shyh-Hsiang Lin) ； 劉珍芳(Jen-Fang Liu)

《台灣營養學會雜誌》 44卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 101-111

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.202012_44(4).0001

摘要

飲食、藥物及運動是糖尿病人控制血糖不可或缺的三大要素，而味覺感受會影響患者對食物的喜好及選擇。先前研究發現，糖尿病人對甜味的敏銳度較差，這可能導致其飲食遵從度較差，造成血糖控制不佳，故本研究採用whole-mouth gustatory method進行蔗糖甜味識別閾值評估，觀察第2型糖尿病人和健康者對蔗糖溶液的識別閾值是否相同，並進一步探討血糖相關指標及甜味相關荷爾蒙與蔗糖識別閾值之相關性。最後共29位第2型糖尿病人及21位健康者完成研究，結果顯示，第2型糖尿病組之蔗糖識別閾值（sucrose-recognition threshold）顯著高於健康組，且蔗糖識別閾值與糖化血色素（glycated hemoglobin, Hb-A1c）呈正相關，但與空腹血糖、胰島素、類升糖素胜（glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1）或瘦體素（leptin）濃度皆無顯著相關。綜合以上，第2型糖尿病人之蔗糖甜味感受度較健康者差，且此現象與Hb-A1c呈正相關。

關鍵字

第2型糖尿病 ； 甜味味覺感受 ； 蔗糖識別閾值 ； 胰島素 ； 類升糖素胜肽 ； 糖化血色素

並列摘要

Diet, medicine, and exercise are key components of a successful strategy to manage diabetes, and sensory perceptions of taste were shown to be determinants of food preferences and food choices in diabetics. However, the sensory perception of sweet tastes was reported to be impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, which may result in improper dietary compliance and poor glycemic control. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess recognition thresholds of sucrose solutions by a whole-mouth gustatory method in T2DM patients compared to healthy subjects; we also determined correlations of markers of glycemia and hormones with sucrose-recognition thresholds. In total, 29 T2DM patients and 21 healthy subjects completed the study. The recognition thresholds of sucrose solutions were found to be significantly higher in T2DM subjects than in healthy subjects. Thresholds showed a significant positive correlation with glycated hemoglobin (Hb-A1c), but there were no correlations between recognition thresholds of sucrose solutions and fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), or leptin levels. In conclusion, the findings in the present study suggest that people with T2DM have a blunted sensory perception for sucrose which was significantly and positively correlated with Hb-A1c.

並列關鍵字

type 2 diabetes mellitus ； sweet taste sense ； sucrose-recognition threshold ； insulin ； glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) ； glycated hemoglobin(Hb-A1c)