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清華簡(陸)鄭國三篇簡文的為政思想

On the Political Ideas of the Three Articles of Zheng in the TsingHua Bamboo Slips

摘要


清華簡(陸)中有〈鄭文公問太伯〉(甲本、乙本)、〈鄭武夫人規孺子〉、〈子產〉等三篇,是與鄭國相關的出土資料。有關鄭國的論述除《國語.鄭語》及《左傳》外,相關的思想論述則甚少。本文旨在藉著出土資料與傳世中有關先秦時期鄭國的資料,闡述其中有關政治思想與為政之價值理念。關於鄭國為政之價值理念,在目前的中國哲學史研究,甚少處理與說明,藉助於清華簡所提供的資料與線索,並由此而開展的探究,可以啟發我們重新開拓另一思考面向,而不是只就歷史事實或那是「歷史學的」的方式看待它,在三篇簡文中,可整理出三篇簡文的價值理念,分別是「正、中、和、信」,且在為政上重視「民」的存在,這些都可視為春秋晚期至戰國時期哲學轉向的一環。

關鍵字

清華簡 子產 鄭國 為政

並列摘要


In the Tsinghua bamboo slips (Vol.6), there are four articles, including "Zheng Wen Gong wen Tai Bo" (A and B), "Zheng Wu Fu Ren gui Ru Zi" and "Zi Chan", which are unearthed materials related to the state of Zheng. The three excavated materials , except for the Guoyu-Zhengyu(國語.鄭語) and ZuoZhuan(左傳), but there are very few related intellectual discussions. The purpose of this paper is to explain the political thought and value of Zheng's government through the excavated documents and the handed-down documents about Zheng during the pre- Qin period. With the help of the clues provided by the bamboo slips, we can be inspired to reopen another direction of thinking, instead of looking at it only in terms of historical facts or in a historiographical way. In the three texts, the values can be compiled, which are Zheng(正), Zhon(中), He(和), Xin(信), and the importance of the existence of Min(民) in governance. These can be seen as part of the philosophical shift from the late Spring and Autumn Period turn to the Warring States Period.

參考文獻


《十三經注疏》整理委員會整理、李學勤主編,《十三經注疏─春秋左傳正義》,北京:北京大學出版社,1999。
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王寧,〈清華簡六《子產》釋文校讀〉,復旦大學出土文獻與古文字研究中心論文,2016 年 7 月 4 日。(檢索日期:2021 年 2 月 28 日)
王寧,〈清華簡六《鄭武夫人規孺子》寬式文本校讀〉,復旦大學出土文獻與古文字研究中心網,2016.5.1。(檢索日期:2021 年 2 月 28 日)
朱忠恒,《清華大學藏戰國簡(陸)集釋》,武漢大學歷史文獻學碩論,2018.5。

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