台灣氣候下室內調濕建材之適用性探討

Study on the Applicability of Moisture Buffering Materials in Taiwan

蔡耀賢(Y. S. Tsay) ； 江哲銘(C. M. Chiang)

《建築學報》 69期 (2009/09) Pp. 35-50

https://doi.org/10.6377/JA.200909.0035

摘要

台灣位於亞熱帶氣候區，台北、台中、高雄等都市之年平均相對濕度均在75%以上，室內的高濕度環境提供室內建材表面之黴菌等微生物的良好生長條件，間接造成室內空氣的生物性污染，對室內人員的健康造成威脅。許多國外研究指出利用多孔質建材的調濕效果可以減少室內濕度的變動幅度以改善濕氣的相關問題。然而，台灣的相對濕度變動常在高濕度範圍，緩和變動幅度並非有效對策，而是需要積極除濕。本研究採用平均氣象年資料進行解析，同時評估木地板的調濕效果對對室內人員健康（生物性污染之風險）與耗能（空調熱負荷）之影響，進而利用改變日夜間換氣量手法以增加建材之調濕效果，提出符合各地氣候與建築物型態之使用方式。結果顯示台北、台中與高雄氣候下最爲健康且節能之換氣量策略均不同，台北以TP1、台中以TC3、高雄則以KA4 爲最佳換氣策略。可見室內調濕建材設置時的換氣策略應隨當地氣候而調整，方能得到最佳的效果。

關鍵字

室內空氣品質 ； 數值解析 ； 調濕效果 ； 熱與濕氣同時移動

並列摘要

Taiwan is located in a sub-tropical climatic region. The annual mean air relative humidity is over 75% in Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung. This hot and humid climate provides an appropriate habitat for microbes such as fungi and mold, and dampness in buildings leads to significant microbial pollution and damage. A moisture buffering effect that provides passive moisture control by using porous interior materials was proposed as an effective way to alleviate such dampness problems. In this paper, a numerical simulation including heat/moisture transportation inside the interior materials was carried out, and an efficient way of using moisture buffing materials was evaluated in Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung.

並列關鍵字

Indoor Air Quality ； Numerical Simulation ； Moisture Buffering Effect ； Heat and Vapor Transport

參考文獻

林憲德、黃國倉(2005)。台灣TMY2標準氣象年之研究與應用。建築學報。53，79-94。

Abe, K.(1996).Assessment of Indoor Climate in an Apartment by Use of a Fungal Index.Applied and Environmental Microbiology.62,959-963.

Andrade, C.,J. Sarrı́a,C. Alonso(1999).Relative humidity in the interior of concrete exposed to natural and artificial weathering.Cement and concrete research.29,1249-1259.

Barenbrug, A. W. T.(1974).Psychrometry and Psychrometric Charts.Cape Town, S.A.:Cape and Transvaal Printers Ltd..

Bornehag, C. G.,J. Sundell,S. Bonini,A. Custovic,P. Malmberg,S. Skerfving,T. Sigsgaard,A. Verhoeff(2004).Dampness in buildings as a risk factor for health effects, EUROEXPO: a multidisciplinary review of the literature (1998-2000） on dampness and mite exposure in buildings and health effects.Indoor Air.14,243-257.